Cultural Geography Of The Traditional Settlements And Vernacular Dwellings In Hainan Island

As one of the important cultural landscapes created by human beings in the process of their historical evolution,the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings have obvious regional differentiation.In order to explore the temporal and spatial distribution and evolution law of the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings which is one of the cultural phenomenon,it is very necessary to innovate the research method of "the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings cultural geography" by constructing "the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings cultural geographic information database" basing on the whole-domain big data.In this way,we can systematically and comprehensively understand the characteristics and differentiation of the cultural landscape of the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings.By cross-applying the methods of cultural geography,urban and rural planning and architecture,the research method of "the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings cultural geography" breaks through the previous research that emphasizes the static characteristics of cases study in the field of architecture.It combines the descriptive and explanatory study of typical vernacular dwellings,which has been the focus of architecture for many years,with the revealing and regular study of cultural causes,which has attracted the attention of scholars in recent years.By grasping the dynamic characteristics of people and culture from the dimension of space-time,the research method of "the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings cultural geography" explores the derivative relationship between the cultural landscape of the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings and their corresponding space-time,which takes the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings with a certain cultural circle as a systematic whole.It reveals the spatial distribution,regional differentiation and evolution motivation of cultural landscape of the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings under the influence of cultural changes.Hainan Island which surrounded by the sea,lies at the southern tip of China.Due to its location conditions and long-term subordination to Guangdong Province,the study on the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings in Hainan Island started relatively late,which have been listed in the research system of Cantonese vernacular dwellings in the past.The geographical environment of Hainan Island is very special.Its island-type location can make it isolated from the outside world.Because its administrative,geographical and cultural areas can overlap,it is very beneficial to maintain the independence and integrity of the research boundary.Historically,the Li ethnic group was the original ethnic group in Hainan Island.With the continuous migration of Han people to the island,Hainan Island has become an obvious area for the cultural integration of Li and Han ethnic groups.It is particular that as the end of Han culture transmission,Hainan Island belongs to the cultural marginal area comparing with the Han culture core area inland.After the Arrival of Han culture,due to the differences of natural ecology and cultural environment in various regions of the island,various forms of differentiation of the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings occurred in this island,making the traditional settlement cultural landscape in various regions have their own characteristics.All these make Hainan Island a typical region for the study of culture geography of traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings.Then,what are the characteristics of spatial morphology and cultural geographical distribution of traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings in Hainan Island? What are the regional differences of traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings in Hainan Island? What is the cultural background and dynamic mechanism that influence the formation of traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings cultural landscape in Hainan Island?To solve the above problems,the method of combining cultural geography,urban and rural planning and architecture is being used.It constructs the cultural geography database of traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings in Hainan Island through the general survey.On this basis,through quantitative statistical method and Arc GIS spatial analysis technology,it studied the spatial distribution and regional differentiation of various cultural factors of the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings cultural landscape in Hainan Island.It divides the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings in Hainan Island into two cultural regions and 10 cultural sub-regions.Then,it describes and explains the cultural landscape characteristics of each cultural region.Finally,from the perspective of cultural ecology,it analyzes the relationship between the cultural landscape of traditional settlements and the geographical environment and further explores the forming mechanism which affect the cultural landscape characteristics of the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings in Hainan Island,such as terrain,water system,climate,building materials,etc.of the natural environment and cultural,immigration,population,economy,etc.of the human geography.On the whole,in this paper it systematically and comprehensively analyzes the characteristics of the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings and reveals the distribution characteristics of the settlement morphology and layout of vernacular dwelling,the process of differentiation and assimilation of residential culture,and the evolution and communication rules of settlement culture in Hainan Island.In addition,from the perspective of cultural communication,it explores the origin and flow of the traditional Han settlements and vernacular dwellings system,and deeply understands and excavates the mechanism and influencing factors of the formation and development of the traditional Han settlements and vernacular dwellings culture in Hainan Island.This study not only innovates the research methods of urban and rural planning and residential architecture,but also enriches the basic data of the traditional settlements and profoundly reveals the evolution law of the traditional Han settlement culture,so as to providing basic theoretical support for the protection and utilization of the traditional settlements and vernacular dwellings culture heritage in Hainan Island.