Research On Configuration Evaluation And Optimal Design Strategy Of County Elderly Service Facilities

At present,with the acceleration of the aging society,actively dealing with the aging population has become a national strategy,and the construction of high-quality service facilities for the elderly is the most important work to implement the strategy.The existing literature on the allocation of elderly service facilities mainly focuses on big cities,and the unbalanced allocation of elderly service facilities in urban and rural areas is the main point of this kind of research.Small and medium-sized cities with counties as units are faced with more severe realities and backgrounds such as high proportion of elderly population,scattered spatial distribution and less investment funds.Therefore,the precise allocation and quality improvement of their elderly service facilities have become an urgent issue to be studied.In this paper,Fu ’an City of Fujian Province as the research object,comprehensive use of questionnaire survey,field research,quantitative analysis,spatial analysis and other research methods,the research content mainly includes:(1)From the elderly service facilities configuration system and the distribution of the elderly population two aspects of the elderly service facilities in Fu ’an supply and demand analysis;(2)Construct an evaluation system of 3dimensions and 9 indexes at the supply and demand levels.Take village(community)as the evaluation unit,measure the facility supply index of each evaluation unit according to the quantity,scale and spatial distribution of different levels of elderly service facilities in Fu ’an,and introduce the coupling coordinated development model to classify the coupling coordination degree of facility supply and demand.(3)40 elderly service facilities were selected by typical sampling method,and the configuration quality was evaluated from three aspects: spatial function,construction quality and service level.(4)Systematically summarize the problems existing in the allocation of elderly service facilities in Fu ’an city,and propose the optimal design strategy of county elderly service facilities from three aspects: optimization of planning layout,improvement of architectural design,and promotion of operation management.The findings are as follows:(1)The elderly service facilities in Fu ’an have basically formed a three-level configuration system of county-street(township)-community(administrative village),and the basic elderly service facilities system has been preliminarily established.The elderly population and elderly service facilities show an unbalanced spatial layout at the county scale,and there is a contradiction between supply and demand of elderly service facilities.(2)According to the standard allocation standard,there are shortcomings in the allocation of different categories of elderly care facilities in the three-level system,among which the allocation of home-based elderly care facilities is less complete than that of institutional facilities.There are significant differences in the coupling degree of supply and demand of elderly care service facilities.Villages with good coupling coordination degree and villages with poor coupling coordination degree accounted for 30% each,and the spatial distribution of coupling coordination degree difference at county scale was scattered.(3)The evaluation results of the allocation quality of the elderly service facilities in Fu ’an city show that the spatial function of medical care and life care space is relatively serious,which can not meet the actual needs;In terms of construction quality,there are problems such as building damage,aging and insufficient aging construction,and the quality of pension facilities is generally low.In terms of service level,there are problems such as fewer service personnel and lack of professional services.Optimization design: Construct county-scale elderly care living circle in planning layout,optimize the facility allocation system,improve the allocation of various levels of elderly care facilities,and implement precise allocation according to the existing problems of different types of facilities;In architectural design,the quality of facilities construction is comprehensively improved by strengthening the building structure,improving the appearance,updating the equipment,and the composite space function is created according to the demand to improve the construction of the aging environment.Operation management through professional nursing training,strengthening the construction of talent team,introducing social forces and other ways to improve the professionalism of elderly care services.