Evaluation And Optimization Strategy Of Community Public Service Facilities Allocation Under The Health Needs Of The Elderly

As urbanization accelerates and aging continues to deepen,the traditional family-based model can hardly afford the health problems of the elderly,so their health protection relies more on the health service system formed by the community.At the same time,the lifestyle of elderly residents in the community is constantly changing,and their health needs are no longer just the pursuit of physical well-being,but multi-level and multi-faceted needs.As an important part of the senior health system,the quality of community public service facilities is related to whether the health needs of the elderly can be effectively met and guaranteed,which will directly or indirectly affect the health level of the elderly residents in the community.How the configuration of public service facilities can meet the health needs of the elderly with high quality has gradually become a hot topic of concern for scholars at present.This study draws on the research results in the fields of healthy community,evaluation of public service facilities,the impact of public service facilities on health,living circle and other related fields,screens the types of public service facilities for the health needs of the elderly from the perspective of the hierarchy of needs theory and needs assessment theory,combines relevant documents and standards,and constructs four dimensional layers under the health needs of the elderly,including the convenience of facilities,perfection,matching supply and demand,space sharing The evaluation system and calculation method of community public service facility configuration include 4 dimensional layers of facility convenience,perfection,supply-demand matching degree and space sharing degree,12 element layers and 27 indicator layers.Using this framework,17 streets(districts)in Mianyang City were selected to assess the level of public service facility allocation in each street,classify the street types,and propose corresponding optimization strategies for each street type.The conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)Analysis of the spatial distribution of the current community and public service facilities in Mianyang.The spatial distribution of communities and public service facilities in the study area was analyzed using the kernel density estimation method and the standard deviation ellipse method by obtaining detailed data and POI data of each street through multiple sources.The results show that the public service facilities and communities show misalignment and staggering in terms of aggregation degree and distribution trend.(2)Assessment and analysis of community public service facility configuration.Using the time-distance cost method,the assignment method,the two-step moving search method,and the neighborhood method as quantitative methods,the overall level of public service facility allocation and the level of allocation of each type of facility in each street in the region were evaluated.The results show that the overall configuration of public service facilities of all streets in the region tends to deteriorate from the center to the periphery,and the streets with higher configuration of facilities are mainly concentrated in the areas that have been built for a longer period of time,while the poorer streets are mainly located in the northern and western edges.The streets with high facility convenience score mostly decrease as they move away from the city center;the streets with high facility perfection are mainly concentrated in the central area and the south of the study area,while the poorer streets exist in the southern and northern edges;the streets with high facility supply and demand matching are mainly concentrated in the southern and central areas of the study area,while the streets with average supply and demand matching are mostly located in the north and west,and the streets with poor supply and demand matching are located in the western edges and the east;Streets with high facility sharing are mainly distributed in the central region,streets with average facility sharing are basically distributed in the southern,northern and western edges of the region,and streets with poor facility sharing are mainly present in the eastern edge of the region.(3)Classification of each street type.Combining the overall level of public service facility configuration and the level of each type of facility configuration,the streets are classified into five levels: "high level,high level,average level,poor level,and poor level" by using the natural breakpoint method,and the streets are classified into "balanced configuration,shortcomings,and imbalance" by using SPSS regression analysis.(4)The public service facilities in Mianyang City are divided into four types: "balanced streets,shortcomings,imbalanced streets,and lagging streets",and the characteristics of each type of streets are interpreted.(4)Strategies for optimizing the configuration of public service facilities in Mianyang.The main problems of each type of streets are summarized,and the corresponding optimization directions are proposed.High-tech streets are selected as the sample streets,and targeted optimization plans are proposed in three aspects: improving the road system,adding as needed,and guiding the later development.At the level of road system improvement,the problem of low convenience and poor sharing of facilities in each street will be solved by improving the density of the road network and the walking road system for the elderly;secondly,the needs of the elderly will be accurately identified and the facilities will be improved through the path of transformation and tapping,compound sharing,new construction and allocation,which can greatly improve the perfection of facilities and the matching of supply and demand;at the level of later development,the policy will guide the new facilities and At the later development level,through policies guiding the arrangement of new facilities and communities,we can guide the elderly to break through the boundary restrictions and enhance the convenience,supply and demand matching and sharing of public service facilities to a greater extent,providing new ideas for the upgrading of the configuration of public service facilities in Mianyang.