A Study On The Influence Of Urban Residential Environment In Changsha On Residents’ Subjective Well-being

The 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that the main contradiction in China has changed,and people are more yearning for a better and happier life.As the main place for people to live,the residential environment has an important impact on residents’ subjective well-being,so it is of certain value to study the relationship between the two.At present,studies have begun to explore the relationship between residential environment and subjective well-being,but the mechanism of the impact of urban residential environment on residents’ subjective well-being has not been clearly revealed,and there is a lack of in-depth analysis on this impact in space.Changsha has been rated as "the happiest city in China" for 14 consecutive years,therefore,this study takes Changsha city as an example to explore the spatial differentiation characteristics and spatial relationship between residents’ subjective well-being and residential environment elements,which is of great significance for rationally allocating community resources and macro-controlling the residential environment.At the same time,it also provides a scientific planning basis for the development of happiness-oriented residential areas,so as to effectively promote the happy life of urban residents.This study first constructed a theoretical model of the impact of urban residential environment on residents’ subjective well-being.This paper proposes a theoretical hypothesis that there is a certain interaction between human and environment,that is,in the absence of war,turmoil and epidemic,the urban residential environment will affect subjective well-being.Then,the relevant theories and evidence of the impact of urban residential environment on residents’ subjective well-being are sorted out,and the theoretical relationship model between the two is constructed,and the selected influencing factors are classified and weighted,so as to form a comprehensive index system of residential influencing factors.According to the research object and theoretical model,the method of spatial characteristic analysis and influence research is established.Secondly,taking the built-up area of Changsha city as the research area,this paper empirically analyzes the main factors affecting residents’ subjective well-being in urban residential environment.Firstly,the global spatial autocorrelation and local spatial autocorrelation analysis methods were used to reveal the spatial distribution heterogeneity of residents’ subjective well-being and influencing factors of residential environment,so as to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of each factor.At the same time,the ordinary Kriging interpolation method was used to divide each community unit into three types of happiness communities according to the degree of happiness interpolation.In clear residents subjective well-being and its urban spatial autocorrelation distribution features of residential environment,based on the elements of different levels of traditional linear regression and geographically weighted regression,respectively,to build a multiple regression model,focus on comparing the traditional linear regression and geographically weighted regression fitting results,thus determine whether residential environment on the influence of subjective wellbeing exists heterogeneity space;The spatial pattern of geographical weighted regression coefficient of residential environment factors was analyzed to clarify the impact intensity and spatial mechanism of residential environment on subjective wellbeing.In general,the residential areas with better matching results with happiness are mainly concentrated in the middle part of the East of the River,Xingsha area and other areas with better economic location.The impact of subjective residential environment is greater than that of objective environmental factors,and the overall impact degree presents a circle structure from inside to outside.Finally,the framework and strategies of urban residential environment optimization to improve subjective well-being are discussed.This paper analyzes the problems of residential environment that cause the differences of subjective well-being in Changsha city,formulates the optimization framework of residential environment,and puts forward optimization strategies.The improvement of residents’ SWB is related to the configuration of supporting facilities,coverage of public transport,effect of open space and perception of housing conditions.Therefore,corresponding optimization guidelines are proposed for different types of communities,and it is suggested that the shortcomings of facilities should be made up,public transport network should be constructed,residents’ cognition should be improved and housing quality should be improved in the future.