| As the 14 th Five Year Plan of China puts forward that the industrialization of residential construction still needs vigorously promoting the assembly construction mode and the advent of Housing 4.0 New Era in China emerges,Industrialized Residences(IR)now stays at the critical point of transformation,which not only attaches more importance to life quality,but also demands more space for individualization and diversification.The conventional prefabricated res idential buildings are prone to the passive situation of monotonous and single plane,facade and shape due to the standardized production in factories.How to coordinate the standardization and diversification of industrialized housing has always been the bottleneck of prefabricated buildings,and the facade contradiction has been criticize long.As the main component of the facade of industrialized housing,the selection,combination,structure and technology of prefabricated exterior wall can directly affect the performance effect of the facade.Through rational design and the application of technical means,the prefabricated exterior wall panels can be personalized and diversified under the condition of standardization,and the embarrassing situation of monotonous facade of prefabricated buildings can be changed.Therefore,based on the understanding of the development status and basic theory of prefabricated exterior wall,through the investigation of prefabricated high-rise residential projects in Changsha,this paper organizes that the current prefabricated exterior wall has two main forms of "Repetition" and "Uniqueness" in the facade of industrialized housing from the aspects of structural system,size and selection of prefabricated exterior wall,block mode of exterior wall,combination of other prefabricated components and exterior finishing treatment.We summarized four main problems existing in the engineering application of exterior wall components:insufficient standardization,only staying at th e assembly level of structural components,single design mode and ignoring the overall coordination.With these issues concerned and the basic theories and methods of prefabricated residential component design in the market combined,this article provides the basic design principles(giving priority to the use of general components,from whole to detail,less specifications and more combinations)in order to coordinate standardization and diversity.Starting from the dimensions of residential planning,monomer combination,plane layout,facade composition,the characteristics of prefabricated exterior wall panels and architectural structure,this paper announced a set of specific methods for diversified design of prefabricated exterior wall facades of industrialized residential buildings.Finally,the reliability and feasibility of the proposed diversified design method of prefabricated exterior wall facade of industrialized residence are verified by using the methods of diversified design analysis,evaluation and trial design of three already-built prefabricated residential projects,which could provide the diversified facade design of industrialized housing with enlightening ideas and pathways. |
