| One of the most common measures for residents in urban areas to adjust the indoor environment is to use air conditioning.However,the large-scale use of air conditioning is accompanied by a linear increase in building energy consumption,which will lead to more serious energy shortages in China.The contradiction between creating a comfortable indoor environment and energy consumption has become an urgent problem to be solved at this stage.There are differences in the thermal sensation,thermal preference,and thermal adaptive behavior of people at different ages,and the factors that affect the behavior of occupants are also different.Most of the existing studies on the use behavior of air conditioning focus on summer and winter,and the research mostly focus on young and middle-aged people,and few studies focus on the elderly.Moreover,there are few long-term investigations on the indoor thermal environment of actual buildings and the occupants’ behavior of air conditioning usage.This study took a residential area dominated by elderly in Changsha as research object,and conducted one-year residential environment measurement and household survey to explore the air conditioning behavior of the elderly group and the factors that affect this behavior.The main research is as follows:(1)Through on-site measurement,the external thermal environment of the residential building(including outdoor air temperature,relative humidity,air speed,and wind direction)and the indoor thermal environment(indoor air temperature,relative humidity)of 12 sample households were analyzed.The results showed that the outdoor air temperature and relative humidity in this area were relatively high,the minimum temperature was greater than 0 ℃,and the average outdoor relative humidity was basically above 60% during the field measurement period,;the wind direction with the maximum wind frequency was the northeast wind,which was basically static,the frequency of air speed less than 1 m/s was about 86%.Since the outdoor environment will affect the indoor thermal and humidity environment,the indoor air temperature and relative humidity in different rooms of each family were high.In addition,the difference of different rooms in thermal and humidity environment was small.(2)Household measurement was carried out to analyze the air conditioning behavior in different rooms(bedroom and living room)of 12 sample families.It was found that due to the different time periods and durations of occupants in different rooms,the use time and duration of air conditioning in each room and the indoor thermal and humidity environment conditions when the air conditioning is switched on or off were different.The elderly tended to use the air conditioning in the living room for a long time,and the air conditioning in the bedroom was used more frequently in a short period of time.The room function had little effect on the indoor temperature and humidity when the air conditioning was turned on or off.The use of the air conditioning made the indoor thermal and humid environment meet the thermal comfort level to a certain extent.(3)Using the binary logistic regression method,this study selected 5 households with different numbers of buildings,floors,and indoor personnel,and analyzed each factor(outdoor air temperature and humidity,air speed,wind direction,indoor air temperature and humidity,time period)and the occupants’ behavior of air conditioning usage.Then,the main factors affecting the two behaviors were explored by logistic regression method,and the established regression model was verified from the perspectives of model fitting goodness and fitting effect to correctly understand the motivation for occupants’ air conditioning control behaviors.It was found that there were differences in the environmental factors affecting the behavior of air conditioning usage of different households.The wind direction did not have an effect on the occupants’ behavior of air conditioning usage.The time period also had an impact on the air conditioning behavior of occupants.This study studies the air conditioning behavior of older occupants based on the long-term actual operation data of the building,aiming to fully understand the differences in the behavior of different older occupants,which is of great significance for the targeted and reasonable control of building energy consumption. |
