| Land space is a place of human activities and an important carrier of economic construction and development.With the rapid development of urbanization in China,the rapid expansion of production and living land has led to the squeeze of ecological space,which has caused the imbalance of spatial functions in some regions and brought severe challenges to the sustainable development of regional economy and ecological environmental protection.Therefore,how to optimize the pattern of land space development and protection and realize the coordinated development of regional socio-economic and ecological environmental protection is a key issue that needs to be solved urgently in the orderly development and sustainable use of regional land space.Based on this,this paper takes a typical karst county-Guanling County as the research area,and analyzes the evolution characteristics of the land space in Guanling County from 2010 to 2019 by using the methods of dynamics,transfer matrix and center of gravity shift model.Secondly,the township was used as the evaluation unit to evaluate the spatial function of Sansheng in Guanling County.Finally,the comparative advantage index is used to identify the dominant functions of each township in Guanling County,and the optimal zoning of land space is carried out through cluster analysis,and corresponding optimization strategies are proposed for different land space function zoning.The main findings are as follows:(1)In 2010,2015 and 2019,the Production-lifeing-ecology space in Guanling County was mainly ecological space,accounting for 67.71%～68.97%;The production space is second,accounting for 28.86%～ 29.29%;Living space accounted for the least,accounting for less than 3% in all three periods.The three spatial types show the characteristics of "two increases and one decrease" with time.The distribution of production space is relatively scattered,and the distribution is the most concentrated in Xinpu Township.The living space is scattered in various townships,and it is obviously concentrated in Guansuo Town,Dingyun Township and Huajiang Town.The ecological space is relatively balanced in the land use of each township,and the distribution is relatively concentrated in the west,east and south,and the distribution in the north and central is relatively sporadic.The spatial types were mainly distributed on pure karst landforms,and subkarst landforms were the least.During the two stages,the dynamic changes of land space in Guanling County from 2010 to2015 were severe,and the dynamic degree was 0.16%.From 2015 to 2019,the annual dynamic change was relatively flat,with a dynamic degree of 0.09%.From 2010 to 2015,the dynamic change of industrial and mining production space was the largest(27.94%),and the dynamic change of urban living space was the largest(2.8%)from 2015 to 2019,and the dynamic change of grassland ecological space was the smallest in the two stages.(2)In the two stages of 2010-2015 and 2015-2019,the production space and living space were mainly transferred in,the production space was mainly transferred to ecological space,and the living space was mainly transferred to agricultural production space and ecological space.The ecological space is mainly transferred out,and only a small amount of other ecological space and grassland ecological space are transferred in the two stages.In the two stages,the center of gravity of each spatial type shifted in multiple directions.The center of gravity of industrial and mining production space first moved to the north,and then moved to the south;The center of gravity of urban living space first moved northwest and then south;The center of gravity of grassland ecological space first moved to the west and then to the north-northwest.The center of gravity of the water ecological space first moved north-east,and then migrated to the northeast.The center of gravity of agricultural production space,rural living space,other ecological space and woodland ecological space has continuously migrated to the northwest.From the perspective of migration distance,except for the migration distance of the spatial center of gravity of agricultural production,which was greater than that of the previous stage(2010-2015),the migration distance of the center of gravity of other spatial types was greater than that of the previous stage.From the perspective of migration distance difference,the migration distance of urban living space center of gravity was the largest in the two stages(difference of 1984.92m),and the gap in migration distance of forest ecological space was the smallest(difference of 18.45m).(3)The production function of Guanling County is not outstanding,a total of 8 townships in 14 townships belong to low-value areas and low-value areas,high-value areas and high-value areas are mainly distributed in the north and west,and low-value areas and low-value areas are mainly distributed in the south and northeast.The living function of Guanling County was low,with low-value areas and low-value areas accounting for 78.57%(11 townships)of the number of townships in Guanling County,and the distribution of high-value areas to low-value areas gradually decreased outward,centered on Guansuo Town.The overall development of ecological functions in Guanling County is relatively coordinated,with half of the low-value areas,low-value areas,high-value areas and higher-value areas of ecological functions,and the distribution of high-value areas to low-value areas gradually shrinks and distributes to the central urban area layer by layer with the marginal Bangui Township,Xinpu Township and Gangwu Township.The three-life function in Guanling County was benignly coupled and tended to develop in an orderly manner,and the number of townships with a coupling degree greater than 0.8accounted for 57.14%;The coupling offset area and the coupling coordination area accounted for half each,the coupling coordination area was mainly distributed in the central,eastern and northeastern parts,and the coupling offset area was located in the west and northwest of Guanling County except for Bangui Township and Bade Township.(4)The comparative advantage index was used to identify the dominant functions of each evaluation unit,and five dominant function combinations were obtained through cluster analysis: production function advantage area,life function advantage area,ecological function advantage area,production and life function advantage area,and production ecological function advantage area in the study area.On this basis,the leading dominant functions of each township are statistically summarized,and the optimization zoning is carried out,and Guanling County is divided into four optimization zones: main producer-ecological life improvement area,life main-ecological production improvement area,life production main-ecological improvement area and ecological conservation area.Among the 14 townships,7 townships belong to the main producer-ecological life improvement area,including Broken Bridge Town and Xinpu Township;It belongs to the main life-ecological production improvement area related to Suo Town and Baishui Town 2 townships;There are 3 townships belonging to the main ecological improvement area of life and production,namely Dingyun Township,Huajiang Town and Pogong Township;It belongs to the ecological conservation area,there are two townships of Gangwu Town and Shangguan Township. |
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