| Liang Sicheng is one of the most famous architects in modern China,and has many achievements in architectural academic research,including architectural design,Chinese architectural history,architectural education,ancient architectural research and conservation,urban planning and other fields.Liang Sicheng’s planning and transformation of Beijing in the early 50 s of the 20 th century has received extensive attention from the academic circles,and scholars in many professional directions have studied it,so the research on Liang Sicheng’s thinking and practice of old city renovation can be carried out from this.Influenced by Lin Huiyin and his father Liang Qichao in his youth,Liang Sicheng chose to study architecture,and in 1924 went to the United States to study architecture at the University of Pennsylvania,where he was exposed to Western urban planning theory and became interested in Chinese architectural history.In 1930,Liang Sicheng and Zhang Rui jointly completed the Tianjin Special City Material Construction Plan,which was Liang Sicheng’s first practice,citing Western urban planning theories and applying them to the transformation of Chinese cities.After this,Liang Sicheng Old City Renovation was supplemented and developed.In 1931,Liang Sicheng joined the China Construction Society,devoted himself to field investigation and research of ancient Chinese buildings,began to carry out research and protection of ancient Chinese buildings,actively publicized the value of ancient Chinese buildings,and strived to integrate the protection of ancient buildings into the Old City Renovation.In the 30 s and 40 s of the 20 th century,Liang Sicheng further studied Western urban planning theory.In 1936,Liang Sicheng married Clarence Stein,an American urban planning expert,and further learned the theoretical knowledge of urban planning.On the eve of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945,Liang Sicheng realized that most cities in China needed to be renovated and built after the war,so he shifted his focus to urban planning and transformation,which was a period of rapid development and improvement of Liang Sicheng’s old city renovation ideas.In 1945,Liang Sicheng studied Saarinen’s book The City: Its Emergence,Development and Decay,combined with the characteristics of Chinese cities,and completed the article The System Order of Cities and Towns;In 1948,Liang Sicheng applied to the Ministry of Education to add a major in Municipal Planning,and urban planning was also included in the architectural education system.After the liberation of Beijing,Liang Sicheng began the construction of the new capital,and in February 1950 he and Chen Zhanxiang jointly completed the "Liang-Chen Plan",in which Liang Sicheng expressed his ideas of old city transformation,transforming the western suburbs of Beijing into a new administrative center area,effectively carrying out population evacuation,and also conducive to Beijing’s future urban development,while carrying out protective transformation of the ancient city of Beijing,transforming the ancient city wall of Beijing,protecting the ancient cultural relics buildings in the city,and making it the cultural center of the new Beijing.The "Liang-Chen Plan" was not adopted,and Liang Sicheng then worked hard to protect Beijing’s ancient city walls and ancient cultural relics,which was also Liang Sicheng’s last effort and struggle in the practice of Beijing’s old city renovation.Unfortunately,in the end,Liang Sicheng was not successful,the Beijing city wall was demolished,and many ancient cultural relics buildings in the city were also demolished.Liang Sicheng Old City Renovation Practice in Beijing failed,his views were not recognized,his plan eventually became a dead letter,and we can only study Old City Renovation from his legacy works.Today,our study of Liang Sicheng Old City Renovation thinking and practice can provide a way of thinking for the old city transformation of the current city,which also has very important theoretical and practical significance. |
PDF Full Text Request