Research On Multi-Stage Planning Modeling Method On Charging Facilities Based On The Impact Of Electric Vehicle Sales

With the rapid development of China’s economy,the demand for energy is increasing,which exposes energy security issues such as increased dependence on imported energy.At the same time,consequent various environmental pollution problems have aroused significant attention at home and abroad.Electric vehicles are considered one of the effective ways to solve the above problems due to their advantages of consuming electricity and no pollution emission.With the increasing proportion of electric vehicles in the automotive market,charging piles,as an important infrastructure,should be gradually constructed and improved to provide convenient facilities and satisfactory services for electric vehicle users.Therefore,this paper takes into account the two-way influence between EV sales and charging pile construction and constructs a multi-stage planning model of charging facilities based on the influence of EV sales.The model can effectively avoid the mismatch between supply and demand between charging piles and EVs and provides a reasonable capacity allocation scheme for subsequent research.Based on the planning scheme derived from the charging pile multi-stage planning model,this paper constructs an optimization model for the ratio of fast and slow charging piles considering the charging behavior of users,which can respond to the two optimization objectives of minimizing construction cost and maximizing user satisfaction.The main research work of this paper is as follows:Firstly,a multi-stage planning model for charging facilities based on the impact of electric vehicle sales was constructed.To realize a multi-stage planning model for charging piles which combined the bi-directional impact between EV sales and charging pile construction,this paper gives a quantitative analysis of not only the impact of charging pile construction on EV sales by a generalized Bass diffusion model,but also the relation between electric vehicle ownership and charging facility scale through the charging facility demand model.Combining the above two models,the single-phase planning of the number of charging piles based on the influence of vehicle-pile interaction can be realized.Then,this paper uses the number of new charging piles and EV sales in each phase as intermediate parameters,loops through this integration model several times,and further realizes multi-phase planning of charging pile numbers based on the influence of vehicle-pile interaction.To verify the rationality of the method,three construction scenarios with different vehicle-pile ratios are set up,and the comparison concludes that the new rate of charging piles does have an impact on the new rate of EVs,but the excessive charging pile ratio leads to huge investment costs and forms a large number of idle charging piles.Secondly,we adopt the entropy-weight-TOPSIS method to compare and analyze the planning schemes of this paper’s method and other existing methods.In order to verify the superiority of the multi-stage planning scheme derived from the model constructed in this paper,the schemes such as single-phase planning and multi-stage planning with different charging pile increments are compared.Taking the charging pile construction-operation cost and vehicle-pile ratio as the comparison indexes,the entropy-weight-TOPSIS method is used to compare and analyze the multiple planning schemes.The comparison results conclude that the scheme proposed in this paper reduces the number of charging pile construction while ensuring the sales of electric vehicles,and reduces the cost and equipment idleness while meeting the charging demand.Finally,we apply the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm to optimally solve the multi-objective multi-stage fast charging pile and slow charging pile rationing problem.In order to obtain the fast charging pile and slow charging pile construction ratio that can meet the requirements of multiple parties,this paper takes the planning scheme derived from the charging pile multi-stage planning model as its fundamental and constructs an optimization model for the ratio between fast-charging pile and slow-charging pile through the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm to maximizing user satisfaction and minimizing charging pile construction and operation cost for investors.Moreover,the probability of users choosing fast charging piles is calculated by the user charging choice behavior model constructed based on the BL(Binary Logit)model,and the Pareto solution set satisfying the requirements is derived by taking the value and the number of charging piles built in each phase as constraints.This paper selects the typical individual from the solution set for analysis,puts the corresponding user satisfaction and construction-operation cost into the single index model built by multi-index weighting,and thus analyzes the suitable scenarios of different proportions of fast-filling and slow-filling piles by changing the weight value.