Study On Multi-Objective Planning Of Urban Electric Vehicle Charging Facilities Based On Big Data Analysis

The construction of charging infrastructure affects the development of the electric vehicle industry,but the difficulty of charging electric vehicles and the phenomenon of idle charging facilities coexist for a long time.Taking charging facilities as a new type of basic public facilities means that my country will further strengthen its investment in the construction of charging facilities.Therefore,it is of great academic research significance and engineering application value to seek a method for rational planning of charging facilities under the comprehensive influence of factors such as land,cost,and demand.In this paper,based on the analysis of a large number of geographic information points and household travel data,a multi-objective secondary planning model based on progressive coverage is proposed.The built-in charging facilities are used to maximize the system benefit and the basic coverage level.To optimize the goal,use the widely used NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm,combined with the proposed demand allocation principle,to obtain different decision-making schemes under different numbers of new super fast charging stations.The main contents are:(1)The urban construction land is divided into five functional areas: residential area,working area,commercial area,public area and leisure area.Based on the collected large amount of geographic information point data,the urban functions corresponding to each road network unit area are excavated to form functional area aggregation points.The hybrid algorithm of density-based noise spatial clustering and K-means clustering clusters the clustering points of the functional area into several clusters to obtain the location information of the clustering center.(2)By analyzing the charging habits and characteristics,it is found that electric vehicle users prefer to use the fast charging facility to charge,and it is determined that the main fast charging station is planned and arranged.Due to the randomness of individual user charging,enough samples are needed to find the law.By collecting the mileage data of the 2017 American family travel survey,the probability of daytime charging demand in different functional areas is fitted,and the parking demand calculation model is combined to calculate the city daytime super demand for fast charging.(3)At present,some super fast charging stations have been built in first-tier cities,and repeated construction should be avoided when planning new charging stations.At the same time,the progressive coverage model of non-convex and non-concave functions is closer to the relationship between the distance between demand points and the coverage level of charging facilities in real life,and better simulates the real situation.Moreover,the construction of a super fast charging station needs to achieve the effects of minimizing costs,maximizing the utility of facilities and services,and maximizing the basic coverage level.Therefore,this paper proposes a multi-objective quadratic programming model based on progressive coverage to better meet the actual needs of the project and the decision-making needs of urban planners.(4)The proposed coverage model is a non-deterministic polynomial problem,so the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm is introduced and improved,and the principle of demand allocation is added to solve the planning model.In view of the increase in the calculation dimension caused by the number of different demand points,the effectiveness of the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm on the model is studied,and it is found that when the parameter settings are reasonable,the algorithm is effective and the calculation efficiency is much higher than the LINGO17.0 software.(5)This paper mainly takes Shanghai as an example.Through more than 480,000 pieces of geographic information point data,the functional area is clustered into 175 demand points,and the super fast charge demand for each demand point is calculated.The NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm is used to solve the planning model.The analysis of the solution of the number of different newly built super fast charging stations provides different plans for the location and capacity of city planners according to the set development goals.At the same time,taking Shapingba District in Chongqing as an example,the planning of mountainous city charging facilities was discussed.