| Against the backdrop of the continuous deterioration of the global ecological environment and the gradual emergence of renewable energy as a catalyst for the green and low-carbon transformation of the energy structure in various countries around the world,China’s renewable energy industry is also rapidly developing.With the promotion of a series of energy policies under the dual carbon target,the large-scale and high proportion of new energy integration into the power system has brought greater uncertainty to China’s energy supply.The energy storage system,relying on its good operating characteristics,can serve as a flexible resource for the power system to help achieve a high level of renewable energy penetration in the power system.At present,the large-scale application of energy storage systems still faces practical problems such as high investment costs,high investment risks,difficulty in fully recovering construction investment,and poor economic results of projects.The various power service market mechanisms are not yet perfect,and the value brought by energy storage systems,such as increasing new energy consumption,reducing line losses,delaying transmission and distribution upgrades.and improving energy supply reliability,is difficult to be reasonably reflected in the energy storage income,The relevant energy storage industry security policies also need to be further clarified and established.Therefore,this paper considers the positive externality of the energy storage system in the power system,and identifies the external value brought by the energy storage system for the diversified application of the energy storage system;On the basis of measuring the value of energy storage systems,the external value brought by energy storage systems should be reasonably allocated to various power entities,and the cost recovery mechanism of energy storage systems should be further analyzed to improve the cost recovery effect of energy storage projects and promote the healthy development of the energy storage industry.The main research content of this article includes:(1)Research on value identification of energy storage systems.By analyzing the characteristics of the power system under the dual carbon target and the main types of energy storage systems,and then analyzing the application of energy storage systems under the dual carbon target from the perspective of power generation side,grid side and user side,on this basis,using the externality theory to sort out the positive externality impact of energy storage systems on power plants,grid companies,power users and the environment,and finally summarize and identify the diversified application value of energy storage systems.Research has shown that the internal value of energy storage systems mainly includes the benefits of low storage and high generation operations,as well as the benefits of providing auxiliary services:The external value mainly includes the benefits of reducing wind and solar energy waste,reducing the operation and maintenance costs of traditional power generation units,delaying the investment in upgrading and transforming transmission and distribution equipment,reducing power outage losses,and reducing the environmental value of pollutant emissions.(2)Research on the value measurement and value allocation of energy storage systems.Based on the value identification results of the energy storage system,measure the internal value of the energy storage system and the external value it brings to power generation companies,power grid companies,power users,and the environment,clarify the specific value bearers,and calculate the internal and external comprehensive value through specific examples.Secondly,using the traditional Shapley value theory model,the external value brought by the energy storage system is redistributed among multiple entities in the power system.Then.considering the relative risk status and the impact of environmental factors,an improved Shapley value allocation model incorporating prospect theory and interval intuitionistic fuzziness is constructed and solved.The calculation results show that after correction,the allocation values of each entity have changed,and the allocation values of energy storage suppliers have increased by 5.97%after correction.Power generation companies,power grid companies,and power users need to transfer some of their allocation values to energy storage suppliers due to differences in their risk bearing status and environmental contribution level,with power generation companies and power grid companies accounting for a relatively large proportion of the transfer amount.(3)Research on cost recovery of energy storage systems.Based on the value measurement results and final value allocation results of the energy storage system,cost recovery calculation and breakeven analysis are conducted on the energy storage system;Based on this,establish a cost recovery mechanism for energy storage systems from the perspectives of power generation,grid.and user sides,and propose supportive policy recommendations to promote cost recovery of energy storage systems and the healthy development of the energy storage industry.The calculation results indicate that the larger the proportion of hidden value recovery of energy storage,the better the cost recovery effect of the energy storage system,and the more favorable it is for the development of the energy storage industry.On the basis of constructing cost recovery mechanisms for the generation side,grid side,and user side from both regulatory and market aspects,four supportive policy recommendations are proposed:1)Clarify the attributes of energy storage entities and reduce market entry barriers;2)Increase the category of auxiliary services and allow the economic benefits of energy storage to overlap;3)Improve the marketization mechanism of various services and guide the cost of energy storage services;4)Improve the relevant guarantee policies for energy storage cost recovery,further reduce costs and increase profits. |
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