| In recent years,China’s economy has grown rapidly.As the economy grows,oil as a basic energy source has also increased its imports year by year.In 2019,my country’s imported crude oil has exceeded 500 million tons,which is equivalent to about 10.07 million barrels per day.However,the main transportation method of imported crude oil is by sea.The main means of transportation in sea transportation is ships.With the increase of ship transportation activities in my country’s waters,the risk of oil spills from ships at sea is gradually increasing.Once marine oil spills occur,marine aquaculture and fisheries will be devastated,which will not only affect the marine economy,but the pollution of oil spills will also affect human health through the biological chain.In addition,it will also have a significant impact on local tourism and other industries.In recent years,major marine oil spills such as the Penglai 19-3 oilfield accident,the Shanghai “Sangji” deflagration oil spill,and the Xiamen “Min Rangong No.2” oil spill,have continuously occurred in my country’s waters.The more attention has been paid to the prevention and management of marine oil spills,a series of laws and regulations have been issued to prevent and control marine oil spill pollution,professional oil spill emergency equipment warehouses have been established in various places,and oil spill emergency cooperation has been strengthened with relevant international organizations and joined the international Oil pollution damage compensation and other conventions.Based on collaborative governance theory,emergency management theory,and new public service theory,this paper conducts in-depth analysis and research on the collaborative governance system of oil spill accidents from marine vessels in my country through literature search and case analysis,and takes Tianjin Port as an example.In-depth study of the Tianjin Port Joint Defense System.Through the definition of core concepts,this article explains the ship oil spill,the cooperative governance body,and the cooperative governance joint prevention system.After combing the status quo of the government,social organization,market and individual citizens in China,and conducting in-depth research on the Tianjin model,Put forward the main problems in China in terms of collaborative governance model,governance capabilities,marine oil spill early warning capabilities,data information sharing,pollution emergency response capabilities,etc.;after studying the successful experience of foreign developed countries in the management of marine oil spills,Summarizes the successful experience of developed countries in improving national emergency plans,improving oil spill emergency treatment technology,and focusing on oil spill monitoring and detection technology.Finally,the optimization path of China’s marine ship oil spill management system is proposed: from the perspective of government entities,Three aspects,including the perspective of the main body of the enterprise and the perspective of the main body of the social organization,put forward countermeasures to improve the coordinated management system of oil spill accidents from marine vessels in China,so as to improve China’s oil spill early warning capabilities,give full play to the coordinated management capabilities of various entities,and enhance China’s marine oil spill emergency response.The purpose of the disposal capacity is to minimize the economic loss and environmental damage caused by the oil spill accident from ships at sea. |
