| The report of the 20th Party Congress requires us to"adhere to the realization of the people’s aspiration for a better life as the starting and ending point of modernization,and strive to maintain and promote social equity".A greenway is a corridor based on natural elements,linking urban and rural open spaces for recreation,leisure and other green open spaces,mainly for recreation and fitness,but also for green travel and biological migration of the public,and is an important spatial carrier to meet the pursuit of a better life of urban and rural residents.How to optimise the layout of urban greenways from the perspective of social equity has become one of the important issues in response to the spirit of the 20th National Congress and to solve the problem of people’s equitable access to the service facilities for a better life.At present,most of the studies on greenways are based on the suitability evaluation of the natural and human conditions of cities,but there are few studies that focus on people’s needs and rights of use from the perspective of social equity,and there is a lack of a methodological system to evaluate the layout of greenways based on the perspective of social equity.This thesis takes the urban greenways in the main urban area of Rizhao as the research object,and selects evaluation indicators from four dimensions of fairness:equal quantity,spatial balance,fair opportunity and equal resources,and constructs an evaluation index system for the fairness of urban greenway layout.A combination of quantitative calculation and qualitative analysis was used to evaluate the current greenways in the main urban area of Rizhao from the supply side and the demand side respectively.The supply side uses the bottom line control method,the Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient to measure the fairness of the current urban greenway distribution;the demand side uses the two-step moving search method and the questionnaire scoring method to measure the fairness of access to greenways and the quality of greenway resources enjoyed by undifferentiated people.The following conclusions were obtained:(1)Quantity parity dimension:the length of greenways in the main urban area of Rizhao is4.88km per 10,000 people,and the current number of greenways basically meets the needs of urban residents;the Gini coefficient of the distribution of greenway resources in the main urban area of Rizhao is 0.79,and the gap between the supply and demand distribution level is huge,and the greenway resources are not equitably distributed in terms of scale.(2)Spatial balance dimension:the total density of greenways in the main urban area of Rizhao is 1.84 km/km~2,which generally meets the standard of≥1 km/km~2,but the Shi Jiu area is 0.88 km/km~2,which needs to be further optimised;the coverage rate of urban greenway service radius in the main urban area of Rizhao is 90.32%,and a small number of residential areas in the western part of the main urban area are within the blind area of greenway service.(3)Equitable opportunity dimension:Within the main urban area of Rizhao,12.36%of the districts have an average or above level of urban greenway accessibility.The accessibility of urban greenways in the main urban area of Rizhao is unevenly distributed,showing a trend of high accessibility along the river and coast,high accessibility in the north-central and southeastern part of the city,and low accessibility in the central-eastern and western parts of the city.(4)Resource equivalence dimension:The comprehensive quality of the current greenways in the main urban area of Rizhao City was evaluated through the questionnaire scoring method,and it was found that the greenways with good quality were mainly located in the coastal area along the river,the northern and western parts of the development zone area,the western and southern parts of the university city area,etc;the greenways with lower quality were mainly located in the Shishu area,the southern part of the development zone area,the eastern part of the east city area,the eastern part of the west city area,the eastern part of the university city area,the eastern part of the high-tech area,etc.Finally,the optimisation is carried out in four aspects:satisfying quantitative demand,balancing spatial layout,improving accessibility opportunities and enhancing greenway quality,so as to improve the scale of the greenway network,eliminate blind areas of greenway services,ensure fair greenway opportunities and achieve equal greenway resources,and finally propose an optimisation scheme for the coupled supply and demand greenway layout in the main urban area of Rizhao.This thesis explores the layout of town-type greenways from a social equity perspective,and strives to seek innovation from the coupling level of research perspectives and greenway types.The research results are conducive to enhancing the balance and accessibility of urban greenway layout,improving the public service level of greenways,and exploring the landing point for solving the social proposition of people’s equitable access to good living service facilities. |
