| With the rapid growth of aging,the contradiction between the supply of elderly care services and the needs of the elderly population is increasingly prominent;while achieving efficiency,cities should take citizens’ fair and equitable access to social and public resources as their core value.How to protect against this background The fair and equitable distribution between the elderly group and the pension service resources has become a major challenge facing social development.Although traditional residential area planning based on the index of thousands of people to allocate facilities can achieve the goal of social equity to a certain extent,it lacks the consideration of “spatial matching” between the distribution of the elderly population and the distribution of resources.In 2018 "Urban Residential Area Planning and Design Standards" proposed a "5min-10min-15min" community life circle layer structure,using the characteristics of residents’ space-time behavior as the standard of residential space hierarchy and public facilities space allocation,the move is based on the original planning On the basis of the further implementation of "peopleoriented","fair and just" and other urban development concepts.Based on this,this article takes the community life circle planning as the starting point,focuses on the development of the fairness theory in the facility layout,and the requirements of the supporting layout of the elderly care facilities in the community life circle planning,etc.,extracts the relevant measurement indicators,and builds the equity of the pension facility layout with the Arc GIS platform Evaluation model.Taking Yuhua District of Changsha City as an example,the paper analyzes the spatial matching level of the pension facilities and the population,discusses the main reasons for the unfair layout of the pension facilities,and proposes a universal optimization strategy based on the relevant analysis results.First,review the relevant theories about fairness and justice,public facilities location theory,etc.,comment on the current research progress of community life circle,elderly care facilities,and fairness of the layout,and analyze the difference and innovation between the layout of the community life circle planning and the traditional residential area planning facilities and pension Factors affecting the fairness of facility layout.Based on the above research,a fairness evaluation model for the layout of community life-cycle pension facilities composed of four measurement indicators of service level,accessibility,social equity performance,and residential attribute relevance was constructed.A summary of relevant studies based on quantitative analysis of the fairness of facility layout To determine the quantification methods of measurement indexes such as improved potential model method,Gini coefficient,Lorentz curve,location entropy and economic status indexSecondly,using the fairness evaluation model to empirically study the first Huahua District in Changsha City,which opened the electronic map of the community life circle,the study shows that there is room for improvement in the fairness of the layout of the elderly care facilities in the study area.There are obvious differences in the spatial distribution of types of old-age care facilities,and there are blind areas for facility services in some areas.(2)Different types of elderly care facilities have different levels of supply.The overall resource level of the unit bordering the central urban area is much higher than the area bordering the suburbs,and it shows a gradual decline characteristic along the South Second Ring Road and other roads.(3)The accessibility(accessibility)of the old-age facilities varies greatly among the units.The northwestern area with a well-developed road system and dense distribution of facilities is much higher than other areas,showing a decreasing trend from the central urban area to the outside.(4)There is a "spatial mismatch" between the distribution of resources for elderly care facilities and the distribution of the elderly population.Only a small number of elderly people can enjoy more resources for elderly care facilities.(5)There is no direct correlation between the economic attributes of residents and the age of settlement construction and the spatial distribution of existing pension facilities,which shows that the decision-making department has not been unfair in terms of the initial allocation of resources because of external conditions such as location and economy.Finally,based on the above evaluation results and the analysis of the main causes of unfair facility layout,the community life circle pension facility is proposed from three aspects: direct optimization strategy of humanized configuration,indirect optimization strategy of decision management,and other optimization strategies of technology platform.Deploy a fair and universal optimization method to achieve fair and efficient allocation of resources for pension facilities. |
