Study On The Influence Mechanism Of High-speed Railway Opening On Urban Green Total Factor Productivity

At present,the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is relatively high,and the severe form of climate change has threatened the sustainable development of mankind.High-speed rail plays a pivotal role in promoting China’s sustainable economic growth and high-quality environmental development,and is of great significance for realizing coordinated urban development relying on infrastructure construction.Based on the panel data of 281 prefecture-level cities and above in China,a two-stage DEA model containing unexpected output was introduced to estimate urban green total factor productivity and phase efficiency.The multi-time point differential model and intermediary effect model were used to evaluate the impact of high-speed rail opening on urban green total factor productivity and its transmission mechanism.The endogenous problem is solved by using the compound instrumental variables of urban geographic elevation and topographic relief,and the policy effect under the perspective of heterogeneity is discussed.The findings are as follows:(1)The opening of high-speed railway improves urban total factor productivity and phase efficiency.(2)The positive promoting effect of high-speed rail on urban green total factor productivity has significant heterogeneity in terms of geographical location,population size,administrative level,urban resources and geographic circle.(3)The opening of high-speed rail has a time lag in the improvement of urban green total factor productivity,and its effect and strength gradually increase with the passage of time.(4)The opening of high-speed rail has a substitution effect on traditional transportation mode,which can indirectly improve urban green total factor productivity through infrastructure matching effect and urban innovation support effect.Based on the above conclusions,the following policy recommendations are given:(1)In the long run,local governments should continue to promote high-speed rail construction as a whole,seize the opportunities of high-speed rail network construction,expand the scale of urban transportation and improve the hub capacity.(2)While developing the high-speed rail network,the government should give consideration to the fairness of regional development,and different types of cities should use the high-speed rail network according to their own development advantages to realize the free flow of various regional factors.Thus,the linkage effect of high-speed rail network on urban agglomeration can be brought into play.(3)The setting of high-speed railway stations should be in line with the traffic volume of urban transport hubs,passenger and freight distribution and urban transport construction planning,and at the same time,non-economies of scale such as multiple stations and passenger detour should be avoided,so as to give play to the intensive economic characteristics of high-speed railway network.(4)Local governments need to build a green transport system of "near transfer and multimodal transport",improve customer experience by adding bus stops and providing refinement of high-speed rail and its supporting facilities,so as to maximize the utility of facilities with different transport capacities.