Research On Wireless Channel Model Of Maritime Environment Based On Ray-tracing Algorithm

With the advancement of the national marine strategy,the demand for marine communication continues to grow.Although the terrestrial wireless network has entered the 5G,the existing marine communication can only rely on satellite communication and shore-based communication.Since the propagation of maritime radio waves is easily affected by sea surface fluctuations and atmospheric refraction,the existing terrestrial wireless channel models cannot be directly applied to maritime communications.In this paper,starting from the basic principle of electromagnetic wave propagation,based on the ray tracing algorithm,combined with the measured data,the electromagnetic wave propagation model is refined,and the accurate prediction of the sea wave propagation path is realized.This paper mainly studies the following contents:1、Propagation environment modeling and ship-to-ship wireless channel model research.Model the electromagnetic wave propagation environment such as the sea surface and ships,and use preprocessing to simplify the environment model.Based on the ray tracing algorithm,the direct path,the first reflection path and the double reflection path of the electromagnetic wave propagation between the ship and the ship are obtained,and the ship-ship is established.The wireless channel model between the two is compared,and the model is compared and analyzed in combination with the measured data,and the root mean square error of the measured data and the simulation results is calculated.Using the ship-to-ship wireless channel model,the effects of different sea conditions,different carrier frequencies,and different distances between transmitting and receiving antennas are simulated and analyzed,and the simulation results are consistent with the actual situation.2、Ship-to-ship wireless channel model optimization and comparison.Based on the ship-to-ship wireless channel model,the wireless channel model is revised and optimized from the four perspectives of calculation of the sea surface scattering field based on PO algorithm,introduction of smoothing processing,sea surface element division accuracy and number of samples.The received power values of five frequency points of 1.5GHz,1.8GHz,2.5GHz,4.3GHz and 6GHz are analyzed,and simulation suggestions for different situations are given.According to the six-degree-of-freedom formula of the ship at sea,the influence of the ship’s heaving motion on the propagation of electromagnetic waves is simulated and discussed,and the influence of the ship’s heave motion on the antenna height of the transceiver antenna is considered,and the influence of the ship’s heave on the received power is analyzed and discussed.3、Discussion on the optimization of antenna position.Based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm,combined with the ship-to-ship wireless channel model,with the maximum receiving power value as the optimization goal,the optimal positions of the transceiver antennas and the optimal receiving antennas were obtained for different antenna types,different carrier frequencies and different transmitting antenna heights.power values,and optimized analysis for different angles of the directional antenna.According to the optimal positions of different antennas,the power coverage on the ship where the transceiver antennas are located is simulated and analyzed.4、Establish the wireless channel model between shore and ship.The offshore environment and the limited deep sea surface near the coast were re-modeled.Based on the revised ship-to-ship wireless channel model,the shore-to-ship wireless channel model was established.The model was compared and verified with the measured data,and the different land types were simulated and analyzed.The influence of bare soil and sandy soil on radio wave propagation,the influence of soil type on the relative permittivity of the shore environment,and the influence of the antenna height change and the distance from the antenna to the coastline on the received power.