| China’s high-speed railways account for more than 60% of the world’s total highspeed railway mileage,which is a successful example of China’s independent innovation.In the new historical stage of major epidemic and century-old changes,the technological innovation effect of high-speed railway has penetrated into political,economic,social,ecological and cultural aspects.What is the internal mechanism behind the successful innovation of high-speed rail? Around this issue,domestic and foreign scholars have carried out a large number of studies,covering the national system,industrial innovation,triple helix organization and other dimensions.However,there is still a lack of discussion based on university perspective.In all human economic activities including innovation,human is the most dynamic element.Since the 1990 s,with the construction of "211Project" universities,"985 Project" universities and the construction of "double firstclass" universities and other incentive policies,the innovation ability of universities has been significantly improved.Based on human capital theory,this paper studies the influence mechanism of university RESEARCH and development and talent cultivation on high-speed railway technology innovation,which has obvious significance.Based on the two dimensions of universities’ participation in the major technological innovation activities of high-speed railway and the cultivation of talents through majors and courses to improve the technological innovation ability of high-speed railway,this paper establishes the interpretation framework of the relationship between universities and high-speed railway technological innovation,and clarizes the mechanism including direct path and indirect path.Using patent data from inco Pat database as proxy variable of technological innovation,45 universities directly under the Ministry of Education were selected from the university-level panel data from 2013 to 2017 with the output of highspeed railway technological innovation patent,and the comprehensive score of university high-speed railway technological innovation ability was calculated.The number of graduates at all levels is sorted out from the official website of the Ministry of Education as the explanatory variable of university human capital,and the DYNAMIC panel system GMM model is constructed to measure the marginal contribution of university human capital to the technological innovation ability of university high-speed railway.Main conclusions: First,the University of Railway Plays a key role in China’s high-speed railway technology innovation.On the one hand,universities play a leading role by influencing the cognitive decisions of the government through cutting-edge ideas.Conduct basic theory research and guide enterprise r&d application;Carry out simulation test through laboratory,collect parameters and verify theory;To directly participate in high-speed railway technology innovation by producing original technological innovation achievements and laying a solid foundation for further technological application of enterprises.On the other hand,universities represented by railway department universities indirectly promote high-speed railway technology innovation by cultivating high-quality professionals,which synergistically improves China’s high-speed railway technology innovation capacity.High iron technology innovation ability in the second place,most university comprehensive score of the poor is not big,Beijing jiaotong university,southwest jiaotong university,central south university and other established "high-speed railway lines" university of technology innovation ability score ranks top 3,Beijing jiaotong university more than southwest jiaotong university in 2014 as the first,the other university and established "railway lines" gap is obvious;Thirdly,the number of graduate students trained by universities is positively correlated with the innovation ability of high-speed railway.From 2013 to 2017,when the number of graduate students increases by 1 percentage point,the innovation ability of high-speed railway will increase by 0.671 percentage point.Fourthly,the research verifies the continuous characteristics of technological innovation.Every 1 percentage point increase in the technological innovation capacity of high-speed railway in the first period of the university,the technological innovation capacity of high-speed railway in the current period will increase 0.632 percentage points. |
