| With the continuous acceleration of China’s urbanization development,China’s urban social and economic level has reached a qualitative development,but it intensifies the lag of urban planning itself,making China’s urban infrastructure construction seriously lag behind the urban economic development,causing the outbreak of "urban disease" in various cities in China.In order to solve the "urban disease" and promote the modernization of China’s urban high-quality development and governance capacity,in2017,the Ministry of housing and urban rural development proposed to establish a working system of "one physical examination every year and one evaluation every five years".The "urban physical examination" should be born at the right time.Taking the "human physical examination" as the reference,the "urban physical examination" can timely find the "persistent diseases" of the city and monitor the health of the city in real time.So far,the "urban physical examination" has been gradually popularized in major cities in China,providing scientific treatment methods for many big cities and mega cities to solve the "big city disease".However,in China’s small and medium-sized cities and small towns,the research and practice of "urban physical examination" is basically blank,and a very few practical work only applies a set of standards,which can not effectively solve the "small city disease".Moreover,compared with large cities,small cities generally have worse capital conditions,technical conditions and management conditions , There are "small city diseases" such as serious population loss,backward economy,resource depletion and employment difficulties.In addition,the autonomy consciousness of residents in small towns is often weaker than that of residents in big cities,so the smaller the city is , Its "urban disease" is also more difficult to solve.Therefore,in order to comprehensively promote the high-quality development of cities in China,it is urgent to study the "urban physical examination" system of small and medium-sized cities and small towns.Taking Heimahe Town,Gonghe County,Hainan prefecture,Qinghai Province as an example,this paper makes a corresponding study on the physical examination work of Heimahe Town,combs the unique urban characteristics of Heimahe Town,establishes a physical examination index system according to local conditions,adheres to the premise that the focus of urban physical examination is on "people",and jointly draws the conclusion of urban physical examination diagnosis in combination with public satisfaction survey,Accurately grasp the pulse,understand the development status of small towns and the diseases existing in urban development,and put forward the spatial optimization path of Heimahe town.The following research results are obtained:(1)Heimahe town presents different urban characteristics from other developed cities in the East,with the natural geographical characteristics of cold and drought on the plateau and ecological sensitivity,the diversified landscape characteristics of beautiful scenery and long history,the urban residential characteristics of sparsely populated and disordered style,and the industrial economic characteristics of backward economy and lack of facilities.Therefore,The urban physical examination in Heimahe town should also form a unique physical examination index system according to local conditions.(2)Based on the urban characteristics of Heimahe Town,through the research and collation of China’s current "urban physical examination" experience,and using the combination of qualitative research and quantitative research,this paper constructs a set of unique urban physical examination system of Heimahe Town,including an index system of 7 goals,21 paths and 35 indicators,and a social satisfaction index system of 8goals and 28 indicators.The analytic hierarchy process is used to construct the index system model,obtain the weight of each index element,and determine the primary and secondary relationship of each index element in the urban physical examination system of Heimahe town.(3)The corresponding data are collected from four aspects: statistical data,spatial data,big data and social satisfaction survey data.Through data standardization calculation,it is concluded that the comprehensive evaluation score of urban physical examination in Heimahe town is general.Among them,the evaluation score of physical examination index system is good and the evaluation score of social satisfaction survey is general.Based on the scores,this paper provides quantitative analysis for the high-quality development of Heimahe Town,and makes it clear that there are three major problems in Heimahe Town: sharp population increase and overgrazing,resulting in ecological damage;Disorderly construction and backward development,resulting in insufficient facilities and waste;Insufficient feature excavation and planning affect the overall style of the town.(4)In view of the problems detected by the physical examination in Heimahe Town,feed back these problems to the space,and propose three optimization strategies for the urban space corresponding to the ecological environment,infrastructure and style characteristics: "ecological priority,habitat construction","feature mining,style control" and "landscape city integration and facility improvement". |
