Study On The Adaptive Design Of Community Elderly Service Facilities In Residential Areas

With the growing demand for elderly care,China has been speeding up the construction of community elderly care service system and has introduced a series of policy requirements for the construction of community elderly care service facilities in residential areas.However,at this stage,a large number of facilities reserved for new settlements are unused,and the existing facilities in operation have poor coordination,poor accessibility,low space utilization and mismatch between supply and demand,which cannot meet the needs of the elderly groups and need to be renovated or transformed.Therefore,it is necessary to study how to design the community elderly service facilities to meet the current and future needs of the elderly.This paper takes "community elderly service facilities" as the research object.Firstly,it summarizes the requirements of community elderly service facilities by sorting out the relevant standards,codes and theories,since there is no unified design code for this building type at this stage.Secondly,the overall research on the existing community elderly service facilities in Dalian was conducted through field research and questionnaire interviews to summarize the distribution profile of the existing facilities.According to the different stages of settlement development,nine community elderly service facilities were selected to conduct in-depth research on their usage and the needs of their service recipients.Through the analysis of the research results,it is concluded that the existing facilities cannot meet the needs of the elderly groups in terms of planning,architecture and functions and the adaptability of the changing needs.This paper selects the data of Shahekou District as the sample,analyzes the characteristics of the elderly groups in each development stage,and obtains the different characteristics of the elderly groups in different development stages and the dynamic change trend of the group characteristics with the development of the settlement.Combining the qualitative and quantitative analyses of the influence of various characteristics on the demand for community elderly service facilities,the dynamic changes of the demand for facilities in the process of settlement development were obtained,namely: the focus group of the demand gradually changed from low age and self-care vitality elderly to high age and intermediate care elderly;the focus content gradually changed from recreation and leisure to life care;the demand level gradually decreased from high level to low level;based on this,the "prevention-support" was concluded.Based on this,the three stages of "prevention-support-protection" are summarized.Based on the characteristics of the three stages of "prevention-support-protection" of community elderly service facilities in the process of settlement development,we propose a comprehensive layout,sustainable site selection,aging-appropriate site,forward-looking reservation,and latent construction for the adaptability of current facilities.The paper proposes the latent allocation strategies of integrated layout,sustainable site selection,aging-appropriate site,prospective reservation,and variable construction;the functional dynamic adaptation design strategies of constructing dynamic functional system and time-series configuration;and the spatial organization dynamic adaptation design strategies of zoning and grading,dynamic replacement,and flexible composite.It is hoped that this paper will provide a systematic theoretical reference for the design of community elderly service facilities in residential areas,and provide some reference for the design of facilities to adapt to future needs and achieve sustainable development.