Ecological Welfare,Coordinated Development And Spatial Spillover Effect In Qiantang River Basin From Ecological Protection Policy

The ecological protection of watershed can improve the ecosystem carrying capacity,ensure the overall ecological security of the watershed.To analyze the ecological welfare performance level and convergence variance of the ecological protection of watershed is important to evaluate the effect of the ecological protection of watershed,establish the ecological compensation mechanism between upstream and downstream and achieve common prosperity of whole watershed.In this paper,based on the introduction of evolution for watershed ecological protection policies in Qiantang river basin,Super-SBM model was used to measure the ecological welfare performance of 12 counties(cities and districts)in Qiantang River basin from 2006 to 2020,then,it used convergence test to analyze the variance of ecological welfare performance of the whole watershed,and econometric model has been involved to analyze how evolution of watershed ecological protection policies impact on the ecological welfare performance.From the perspective of research,by constructing the EES index system of Qiantang River basin,using the methods of coordinated development degree model,exploratory spatial data analysis model and spatial Dubin model,the paper discusses the spatio-temporal changes and spatial spillover effects of the EES system under the evolution of the ecological protection policy of Qiantang River Basin.The study found that:(1)Ecological welfare performance of Qiantang River basin presented a rising trend,and the level of ecological welfare performance turn from low to high from upstream to downstream,the increase was the smallest in the upstream and the largest in the downstream.The continuous evolution of ecological protection policies in the Qiantang River basin effectively promoted the continuous improvement of ecological welfare performance.(2)There was still a big difference ecological welfare performance of between upstream,midstream and downstream from the convergence analysis.(3)The evolution of local ecological protection policies did not have significantly impact on the ecological welfare performance level,but had significantly effect on reducing the gap between upstream,midstream and downstream,also regional economy,R&D investment,industrial structure and the open policies had significantly impact on ecological welfare performance level of Qiantang River basin.(4)With the evolution of ecological protection policies in the upstream area,the coupling coordination degree of the EES system in the Qiantang River Basin gradually increases,and the overall spatial distribution shows apattern of "upstream area--middle stream area--downstream area" from small to large;(5)The coupling and coordinated development of the EES system in the Qiantang River Basin shows positive spatial autocorrelation.With the evolution of ecological protection policies in the upstream area,the concentration of high values in the basin becomes more and more obvious,and the main hot spots are concentrated in the downstream area.(6)Compared with the regions that do not implement ecological protection policies,the upstream Qiantang River region has positive spatial spillover effect in the three stages of policy implementation,and the third stage(2018-2020)has the highest positive spatial spillover effect.The improvement of agricultural modernization technology also has a certain positive spillover effect.Finally,some recommendation including improving upstream-downstream ecological compensation system,supporting the green industries and perfecting rewards and subsidies for ecological assessment had been given to improving the ecological welfare performance of watershed.