Research On The Impact Of Ecological Protection And High-quality Development In The Yellow River Basin

China has entered a new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,and the construction of ecological civilization has been fully promoted.The realization of ecological protection and high-quality development has become an inevitable trend of the development of the times.The main social contradictions have undergone tremendous changes.People not only pursue a better life in terms of material and spirit,there is also a considerable demand for good ecological resources and environment.The Yellow River Basin is also known as the Energy Basin.Relying on abundant energy resources,the economic development level of the Yellow River Basin has been continuously improved,and many resource-based cities along the Yellow River have developed rapidly.However,in the process of development,the ecological fragility and environmental damage of the Yellow River Basin are increasingly exposed,and the contradiction between the limited resources and the infinity of economic growth’s demand for resources,and the contradiction between environmental pollution and economic growth intensifies.High-quality development requires a certain amount of resources and environment.A good ecological environment and recycled resources are the basic driving force for high-quality development.Ecological protection also requires high-quality development support.Ecological protection is the premise and cornerstone of green and sustainable development.How to solve the contradiction between ecological protection and high-quality development,realize the coordinated development of the two,and accelerate the construction of the ecological economic belt in the Yellow River Basin is a long way to go.In view of the shortcomings of previous studies,based on the Yellow River ecology and development reality,this paper studies the connotation and extension,development status,impact mechanism and policy effects of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin,which provides policy recommendations for achieving ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin,as well as ideas for economic development in other basins.This paper takes the research on the impact of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin as the core research content.First,it reveals the general situation of ecological protection and the status quo and challenges of economic development in the Yellow River Basin.Based on the DPSIR conceptual model and five development concepts and digital economy concepts,the evaluation index system of ecological protection and the evaluation index system of high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin are respectively constructed.Secondly,this paper constructs the economic growth drag effect model of the Yellow River Basin under the constraints of resources and environment,and deduces the economic growth drag effect,natural resource drag effect and environmental pollution drag effect through mathematical models.The economic growth drag effect of the Yellow River Basin and its sub-basin is analyzed by using the classical panel model and the spatial Durbin model.Thirdly,under the three spatial weight matrices,static and dynamic spatial Durbin models are constructed for the ecological protection level and high-quality development level,respectively,to discuss the degree and direction of their mutual influence,that is,their spatial spillover effect and time lag effect.Fourth,this paper calculates the coupling synergy index of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin and evaluates the results of the coupling synergy;and analyzes the driving factors of the coupling synergy between ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.Finally,based on the E-DSGE model,the impact of environmental taxes and productivity shocks on the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin is analyzed,in order to provide a certain reference for the implementation and smooth promotion of the Yellow River strategy.Based on this,the main research conclusions of this paper are divided into the following five points:First,based on the analysis of the status quo and the construction of the index system,it is found that the fragile ecological environment of the Yellow River Basin is the basic status quo.High load on resources and environment is the basic situation.The basic trend is the slowdown of economic development and the widening of the gap in the basin.The ecological protection level and high-quality development level of the Yellow River Basin generally present the characteristics of "high-quality economic development,high ecological protection,low-quality economic development,and low ecological protection",and they present spatially Non-equilibrium situation,and there is a certain polarization phenomenon.Second,based on the drag effect model analysis,it is found that from the overall level of the Yellow River Basin,the flow and spatial allocation of resources and environmental elements have spillover effects and drag effects on adjacent areas,that is,they have a restrictive effect on the economic growth of the Yellow River.From the level of the Yellow River sub-basin,the resource drag effect of the Yellow River Basin presents a spatial differentiation law of "medium constraints in the middle reaches and low constraints in the upstream and downstream".The environmental drag effect shows the spatial differentiation law of "low constraints in the upper and middle reaches,and middle constraints in the downstream".The total drag effect of economic growth shows the spatial differentiation law of "low constraints in the upstream and medium constraints in the middle and lower reaches".Thirdly,based on the analysis of the spatial spillover effect model,it is found that the high-quality development levels of cities at various levels in the Yellow River Basin are influenced by each other and are closely spatially connected,resulting in demonstration and imitation effects in the region.The conclusion of ecological protection level is the same,and there will be positive externality effects.The level of high-quality development and the level of ecological protection have a positive effect on each other.The segmented watershed results are also consistent.In addition,the driving force of ecological protection and high-quality development in the lower Yellow River is the most significant,followed by the middle Yellow River,and the negative driving force in the upper Yellow River is significant.Fourth,based on the analysis of the coupling synergy effect model,it is found that from 2008 to 2019,the overall coupling synergy between ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing,and the overall stability remained stable.The coupling and synergy degree of the cities in the Yellow River Basin as a whole presents a spatial pattern of high coupling in the east and low in the west,with Qingdao as the leader and provincial capitals highly coupled and coordinated.The driving effects of technological innovation,industrialization level,service industry agglomeration level,opening to the outside world,and economic development level are significant.Fifth,the E-DSGE model analysis based on policy effects found that the impact of environmental protection tax has a certain negative effect on total output,consumption and investment,and has a significant inhibitory effect on environmental pollution emissions and fossil energy input.On the other hand,TFP shock and energy productivity shock will positively promote total output,investment,consumption,taxation,etc.,and will reduce emission reduction costs,environmental pollutant emissions and fossil energy input,while TFP shock will increase renewable energy input,energy productivity shocks do the opposite.Comparing the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Economic Belt,the impact direction of each shock on various macroeconomic variables and environmental variables in the two regions remains the same,but there are differences in the degree of impact.The innovation of this paper is reflected in the following three aspects: First,research object innovation.Choosing to focus on the ecological environment protection and high-quality development of the entire Yellow River Basin will help provide a reference for the economic development of other regions.In addition,combining the DPSIR conceptual model in the ecological system and drawing on the five development concepts and digital economy concepts to build an index system for ecological protection and high-quality development will help to expand the connotation and extension of ecological protection and high-quality development indicators in the Yellow River Basin,and it provides a reference perspective for comprehensively improving the ecological environment and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.Second,the theoretical viewpoint is novel.From the perspective of drag effect,spatial spillover effect,coupling synergy effect and policy effect mechanism,the impact mechanism of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin is explored to provide a new research perspective for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.The third is policy research innovation.Drawing on the analysis and evaluation strengths of the new Keynesian DSGE model analysis framework for environmental policy and economic policy,the structural dynamic factor model(SDFM)is used to present characteristic facts in the relevant context.By constructing the E-DSGE model of the open economy in the two regions,it provides a structural model based on actors,which is used to provide theoretical causality in the research,and then conduct intervention,counterfactual analysis and policy design based on this.