Study On The China-us Competitive And Cooperative Relationship Of Green Leadership Under The Transformation Of Global Carbon Order

After a long development cycle,the global carbon order has entered a new transition stage.Its development direction is the global multi-governance structure the mixed energy system in the clean energy era and the low-carbon society under the carbon moral constraints,which is dominated by big powers.In this process,the global carbon order is always faced with complex transformation risks such as the normalization of energy crisis,the continuous proliferation of North-South contradictions,and the accelerated return of great power competition.The regional and shared nature of the global climate crisis leads to the long-term shortage of leadership supply.The multi-regional spread of the competition among great powers intensifies the competition for leadership in the field of carbon governance,and then drives the synchronous strengthening of the global green competition and cooperation trend.As the world’s two largest carbon-based economies and major countries in carbon governance.,China and the United States hold the competition and cooperation relationship for a long term in this field.On the one hand,the vision of carbon neutrality is the common goal of the international community,requiring all countries to jointly achieve carbon control and emission reduction,which imposes certain external normative constraints on the degree of competition among major countries.But on the other hand,even if the interaction between big countries is driven by the same goal,there are still profound differences.The irreversibility of carbon neutral route,the pioneering and unique nature of technology,as well as the scarcity and limitation of global resources,production capacity and capital all the time boost the competition among big countries in this field,and countries with the above capabilities usually have the leadership to intervene in the system reform.This paper divides the green leadership in China and the United States into three dimensions: ideal-oriented leadership,production-oriented leadership and cooperation-oriented leadership.In terms of idealoriented leadership,the development of China’s ideal-oriented leadership is stable and progressive,but there are also shortcomings of unbalanced leadership distribution.Corresponding to the cycle of political party rotation in the United States,the ideological leadership in the United States has a significant cyclical feature of selfdenial,and generally presents a unilateral decline of the ideological leadership.In terms of productive leadership,both China and the US enjoy advantages in the transformation of old and new energy patterns and are most likely to become productive leaders in the global energy transition and power change.Due to the logic of maintaining hegemony,the United States’ production leadership shows unilateral dominance.China and the United States are more competitive than cooperative in production leadership,and there is a certain risk of “decoupling” in some fields.In terms of cooperative leadership,China’s cooperative leadership continuously realizes multilateral leadership in multiple levels,while the United States’ cooperative leadership model increasingly presents the priority characteristics of “club”.Bilateral cooperation and the respective models of China-US cooperation will profoundly shape the form of cooperation in global carbon governance.This paper proposes that China should strive to build a balanced development path with the organic combination of the three kinds of leadership,and take the China-US green leadership cooperation as the guide,the China-US idealoriented leadership,the China-US production-oriented leadership power sharing,and the China-US cooperation-oriented leadership as the path,so as to give full play to the positive externalities of the interactive relationship between China and the US green leadership.