| Currently,the global economy is becoming increasingly uncertain and unstable in the context of global change on a scale unseen in a century,compounded by global climate risks and COVID-19 pandemic.Countries are actively seeking new ways of development.As the second largest economy in the world,China has contributed more than 30% to the global economy.Since the reform and opening up,the miracle of China’s economic growth has brought benefits to the world and the Chinese people.At the same time,the extensive development mode with high pollution and high-energy consumption has led to an increasingly tight ecological environment and an increasingly serious energy problem.These problems seriously affect people’s health,happiness and sense of gain,forcing China to reflect on and change its original development mode.Therefore,how to achieve the win-win goal of environmental protection and economic growth in China today has become the objective requirement to promote the green transformation of China’s economy.The report of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that we should accelerate the green transformation of the development mode,promote low-carbon economic development,promote industrial transformation and upgrading,and cultivate a green production and lifestyle.As the foundation and important pillar of national governance,public finance has played a positive role in promoting economic development,public service supply,ecological environment protection and other aspects,and will have an impact o n China’s economic green transformation.At this stage,the most prominent aspect of China’s economic structural problems is the supply side,which is highlighted by excessive inventory,overcapacity in some areas,excessive consumption of resources and energy,and unreasonable industrial structure.There are many reasons for these problems,among which the most important is the scale and structure of public financial expenditure.Based on this background,this study follows the research idea of “finding problems,raising problems,analyzing mechanisms,and path selection”,and deeply analyzes the impact of the scale and structure of public financial expenditure on China’s economic green transformation.First,based on the new development concept,combined with the theoretical connotation of China’s economic green transformation,China’s economic green transformation is defined as low carbon economic development,industrial transformation and upgrading and urban green development.In order to present the common and individual characteristics of the three levels of China ’s economic green transformation,three indicator systems of low carbon economic development,industrial transformation and upgrading,and urban green development are respectively constructed,and 250 cities in China from 2007 to 2019 are taken as samples to measure and discuss their spatial evolution characteristics.Secondly,it measured the scale and structure of public financial expenditure,and analyzed its space-time evolution in the study period.Then,based on the concept analysis,theoretical basis selection,measurement analysis and mechanism analysis,this paper empirically tests the impact of the scale and structure of public financial expenditure on low carbon economic development,industrial transformation and upgrading and urban green development by using spatial econometric model,generalized moment estimation model,mechanism testing model and other methods,and analyzes the heterogeneity from the regional,urban size and time.Finally,according to the research conclusions,the paper puts forward policy recommendations for China’s economic green transformation.The main achievements and conclusions of this paper are as follows.First,China’s public financial expenditure and economic green transformation have obvious space-time mutation characteristics.(1)The space-time evolution characteristics of public financial expenditure.The scale of public financial expenditure in the study period generally showed a volatile rise,with a rapid growth rate from 2008 to 2010.The structure of public financial expenditure in the study period shows the characteristics of further optimization.From the perspective of space,the scale of public financial expenditure in the study period showed a trend of shrinking first and then expanding in urban hot spots.The cold spot area tends to shrink in the shock.The urban hot spots of China’s public financial expenditure structure show a trend of shrinking first and then dispersing;The cold spots are concentrated in some cities in Guangxi,Henan and Liaoning provinces,and they are shrinking year by year.(2)The space-time evolution characteristics of the three levels of China’s economic green transformation.First,from the perspective of time trend,the low carbon economic development index shows a fluctuating upward trend in the study period,which is marked by the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China;The level of low carbon economic development is obviously unbalanced in space,and it is still a “north-south”pattern in general.Second,the industrial transformation and upgrading generally show an upward trend in terms of time,with obvious regional differences.The overall difference in the spatial structure of China’s industrial transformation and upgrading is on the rise;The intra regional differences have gradually increased,while the inter regional differences are mainly reflected in the gradual decrease of the transformation differences among cities.The super variable density difference has the largest contribution,and the difference in contribution between the three is obvious.Third,the green development level of China’s cities is on the rise year by year,and the spatial distribution pattern changes greatly.The overall distribution pattern is “northeast southwest”,with the standard deviation ellipse center moving from northwest to southeast,and finally to southwest.Second,the empirical test of the impact of public financial expenditure on low-carbon economic development.The scale of public financial expenditure and low carbon economic development are characterized by an inverted U-shaped curve,while the structure of public financial expenditure and low carbon economic development are characterized by a positive U-shaped curve;The scale of local public financial expenditure will reduce the low carbon economic development level of surrounding areas,while the structure of local public financial expenditure will help the low carbon economic development of surrounding areas.The scale and structure of public financial expenditure not only directly affect the level of low-carbon economic development,but also can affect the level of low-carbon economic development through resource dependence.Third,the empirical test of the impact of public financial expenditure on industrial transformation and upgrading.There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the scale of public financial expenditure and industrial transformation and upgrading,while there is a positive U-shaped relationship between the structure of public financial expenditure and the level of industrial transformation and upgrading,which indicates that the structure of public financial expenditure at this stage has not yet met the needs of industrial transformation and upgrading,and it is necessary to further adjust and optimize the structure of public financial expenditure in order to promote industrial transformation and upgrading.The scale and structure of local public expenditure w ill inhibit the transformation and upgrading of neighboring real estate industries.The mechanism test verified that the scale and structure of public financial expenditure not only directly affect the level of industrial transformation and upgrading,but also can affect the level of industrial transformation and upgrading through technological innovation.Fourth,the empirical test of the impact of public financial expenditure on urban green development.There is an inverted U-shaped curve between the scale of public financial expenditure and urban green development,while there is a positive U-shaped curve between the structure of public financial expenditure and urban green development.The scale and structure of local public financial expenditure are conducive to the green development of surrounding cities.The function channel test verified that the scale and structure of public financial expenditure not only directly affect the level of urban green development,but also can affect the level of urban green development through economies of scale.Based on the above theoretical and empirical conclusions,this study proposes to establish a scientific,standardized,reasonable green transformation evaluation syste m suitable for China’s national conditions,establish and improve the dynamic monitoring system of the scale of public financial expenditure to promote the green transformation of economy,continue to optimize the structure of public financial expenditure,realize its positive effect on the green transformation of economy,build a cross-regional coordination mechanism,and constantly narrow the gap between regions in green transformation of economy,We will further optimize the channels through which public financial expenditure plays a role in the green transformation of the economy to provide decision-making reference for public financial expenditure to promote the green transformation of China’s economy. |
PDF Full Text Request