Ecological Service Value Of Estuarine Wetland Under The Background Of Environmental Damage Compensation

With the promulgation of the "Wetland Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China",wetland protection and maintenance of wetland ecosystem health are regarded by the state as an effective way to ensure national land ecological security and sustainable economic and social development.However,as an important part of promoting the construction of ecological civilization,the system content of the environmental damage compensation system has not been perfected,and the relevant research on this part of the wetland ecosystem has not received much attention.Therefore,under the background of the wetland environmental damage compensation system,based on the overall goals and requirements of documents such as the Reform Plan for Environmental Damage Compensation System,this study proposes a set of quantifiable wetland ecological parameters in the identification process of wetland environmental damage.System service function classification and evaluation of estuarine wetland ecosystem service function and value accounting according to the classification of the complete estuary wetland ecosystem service function evaluation system identification plan provide some ideas and technical suggestions in the appraisal and evaluation process of the environmental damage compensation system.Based on the results of this study and the case study of the Min Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve,the following conclusions can be drawn:(1)The exploratory construction of wetland ecosystem service function classification is a set of evidence-based,operable,applicable and standardized classification system,which can effectively and quickly lock the service functions that need to be evaluated and accounted for in the wetlands to be identified and assessed,and can clearly point out the various Each service function corresponds to the index parameters of the assessment and evaluation.(2)By using the theoretical basis of the matter-element extension model,the entropy weight method,the Criteria Importance Though Intercriteria Correlation method and the game theory combined weighting principle,the estuary wetlands are divided into "excellent","good","average","relatively poor" and "poor" five levels to build a set of coupling model for the evaluation of estuarine wetland ecosystem services.The model integrates expert experience and actual data as data sources and adopts two objective weighting methods for comprehensive evaluation,so that each service function can more intuitively reflect its importance and relevance in the wetland to be identified and evaluated.The final calculated comprehensive correlation degree can represent the status quo of the ecosystem service function of the wetland to be identified and assessed and the future development trend of the wetland ecosystem.(3)Based on the classification system of wetland ecosystem service function,an exploratory calculation formula of ecosystem service function value of fourteen estuarine wetland types is proposed.It enables the object to be identified and evaluated to quickly and accurately calculate the value of each ecosystem service function through the formulated value accounting method and corresponding demand parameters.(4)In the case of the Min Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve,the weights of providing habitat,purifying water quality,and serving functions of science,education and culture are relatively large,which are 0.1367,0.1305,and 0.0939,respectively,which match the current status and functional orientation of the nature reserve.Using the results of the coupling model for the evaluation of the estuarine wetland ecosystem service function designed in this study,we can see that the comprehensive correlation degree of the evaluation of the ecosystem service function of the Min River Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve is-0.0639,which belongs to the state of excellent ecological environment.Biodiversity and resources are abundant,and the effect of environmental protection is good.Currently,there is no impact of environmental damage on the wetlands in the estuary of the Min River.(5)The total value of service functions of the Min Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve is 5,272,346,000 yuan per year,and the value of service functions from high to low are:material production > climate regulation > flood control and water storage > wave elimination and bank protection > biodiversity maintenance > Leisure tourism >Water supply > Habitat provision > Soil conservation > Water purification > Science and education culture > Carbon fixation and oxygen release > Supplementary groundwater(shipping value is not considered in this case).It can be seen that the Min Estuary Wetland Nature Reserve also has the same distribution law of value and quantity as other domestic wetlands,and the value functions such as material production and climate regulation are the main values.However,it is also different from other estuarine wetlands in that the maintenance of biodiversity and habitat value are high,which is not only in line with the positioning of the Min estuary wetland as an important breeding area for rare and endangered species and an important habitat for wild animals,but also in line with the estuarine wetlands.The evaluation results of the coupling model of ecosystem service function evaluation are suitable.