Influence Of Coal Resource Development On Production,Life And Ecology In Pastoral Area And Countermeasure Research

With the rapid development of China’s economy,the consumption and demand of natural resources are also increasing.At the same time,China’s special "coal-rich less oil" resource structure determines the dominant position of coal in China’s energy consumption structure.Inner Mongolia,as a large area of coal resources in China,relies on rich coal resources to achieve rapid economic development.Especially to coal,natural gas resources,rich in Wushen banner through the development of industry and mining,to achieve a leap from scratch.However,the resource-based development model not only poses a great threat to the local ecosystem,but also causes many negative externalities,and damages the long-term interests of herdsmen.Therefore,how to achieve the development and protection of a win-win situation,to protect the local sustainable development,become the focus of this article.Based on literature review,field investigation and interview data,this paper comprehensively analyzes the livelihood status,impact and strategy of herdsmen in Sigacha,Wushen Banner,in order to explore the way of coordinated development of resources development and herdsmen,and provide reference and basis for sustainable development of herdsmen’s livelihood in minority areas.Through investigation,it is found that coal mining enterprises not only promote the development of local collective economy,but also provide financial and material support for local infrastructure construction and social security.However,in promoting the development of coal resources,but also to the study area of "three students",that is,production,life,ecological impact.Among them,the impact on herdsmen’s production is mainly manifested in the increase of production costs of animal husbandry,forced changes in livelihood.The impact on life is manifested in lower income,worse housing conditions and higher cost of living.The ecological environment of the study area has caused a series of negative effects such as the decline of underground water level,vegetation damage,coal transport vehicle noise and dust pollution.These influences not only bring trouble to herdsmen’s production and life,but also go against the sustainable development of economy,society,resources and environment.Based on the analysis of the influence of coal mining on local production,life and ecology,this paper systematically reveals the causes of the adverse impact of coal mining on "three students".Through the analysis,it is found that the unfavorable influence of coal resource exploitation on herdsmen is caused by unreasonable compensation standard,ignorance of herdsmen’s sustainable development,conflict of values of different stakeholders,dislocation of beneficiary and cost burden,inadequate implementation and supervision of relevant laws and regulations,and weak position in game between herdsmen,enterprises and government.In view of the existing problems in the study area,it is proposed to establish and improve the grassland ecological compensation mechanism;guarantee the inclusive development and participation rights of local herdsmen;improve the relevant laws and regulations,and strengthen the supervision and administration;improve the employment support system,and enhance the self-development capacity of herdsmen;strengthen the government leadership,and actively coordinate the relationship between enterprises and herdsmen;enhance the social responsibility of enterprises,and give play to the role of enterprises in environmental governance.