Study On The Configuration Of Influencing Factors Of Unsafe Behavior Of Construction Workers

The construction industry,as a global pillar industry,has made a great contribution to global economic development.However,in recent years,a large number of safety accidents have occurred along with the construction boom,making the construction industry one of the highest risk industries,and the frequent occurrence of safety accidents has exerted huge adverse impacts on society and economy.According to the accident causation theory,unsafe behavior of construction workers is the direct reason for safety accidents in the construction industry,and so insight into the influence mechanism of unsafe behavior of construction workers is of great practical significance to construction safety management,which is also unanimously recognized by scholars,the government and other people from all walks of life.However,the previous studies on construction workers’ unsafe behaviors have focused on analyzing the linear effects of variables on the results,but it is difficult to systematically analyze the complex mechanisms of the coupling effects of variables on the results,and the problem of how to curb construction workers’ unsafe behaviors has not been effectively solved.To address the above research questions,this study first illustrates a systematic review of the research literature on unsafe behaviors of construction workers,summarizing the existing research progress,identifying the limitations and proposing future research perspectives.Secondly,based on the social cognitive theory framework,the configuration research model of unsafe behavior of construction workers is established from the two levels of psychological cognition and institutional environment.Thirdly,the most common unsafe behaviors of construction workers are determined based on literature review,accident reports and expert scoring method,and samples of unsafe behaviors are identified through on-site observation.At the same time,based on the existing mature scales and the characteristics of construction workers,a questionnaire is designed and distributed.A total of 164 construction workers are surveyed,and the data are tested by common method bias test and reliability and validity test.Finally,the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method(fs QCA)is used to conduct necessary condition analysis and configuration analysis on the data,respectively,to explore the impact of the configuration effects of safety attitude,safety motivation,system control,safety training and safety atmosphere on the high and non-high unsafe behavior of construction workers,and case analysis and theoretical interpretation of the underlying logic.Proceeding from the above study,the following main findings are obtained:(1)Single antecedent condition can not constitute the necessary condition for unsafe behavior of construction workers,and the unsafe behavior of construction workers is the result of coaction of many factors.(2)There are three types of configurations leading to high unsafe behavior of construction workers,namely,attitude-atmosphere deficiency,psychological cognition deficiency,and institutional environment deficiency.The configuration of high unsafe behavior is not unique.(3)There is only one type of non-high unsafe behavior configuration of construction workers,that is,the comprehensive excellent configuration,and there is an asymmetric relationship between the configuration of non-high unsafe behavior of construction workers and the configuration of high unsafe behavior of construction workers.(4)attitude-atmosphere deficiency is the main configuration causing high unsafe behavior of construction workers.Changing individual safety attitude and improving project safety atmosphere play a general role in curbing unsafe behavior.In summary,the findings of the study help broaden the theoretical framework of social cognition,and describe the unsafe behavior of construction workers from the perspective of configuration,which makes a useful supplement to the existing research in the field of unsafe behavior of construction workers.Finally,the findings also provide some new ideas and management methods for the construction side on how to improve construction workers’ unsafe behaviors.