Research On The Mechanism Of Unsafe Behavior Of Construction Workers From The Perspective Of Cognition

Construction industry is the pillar industry of national economic development.However,as a labor-intensive industry,the safety production form of China’s construction industry has been very severe for a long time.The theory of accident causation points out that people’s unsafe behavior is the primary cause of safety accidents,so controlling and reducing people’s unsafe behavior is an important means of building safety management.Affected by the working characteristics of the construction industry,there are many and complex influencing factors involved in the occurrence of unsafe behaviors of construction workers,which makes it difficult to clarify the internal relationship between the influencing factors and bring great difficulties to the governance of unsafe behaviors.Literature analysis shows that behavior is the product of cognition,and the occurrence of unsafe behavior is the result of cognitive failure.Based on cognitive theory,it is helpful to further understand the internal causes and formation process of unsafe behavior,which is of great significance to behavior safety management.In this regard,combined with theoretical analysis and empirical research,this paper discusses the mechanism of unsafe behavior of construction workers from the perspective of cognition.Firstly,the process of human behavior is divided into four stages: information perception,information understanding,behavior decision-making and behavior execution.The influencing factors of each stage are summarized,and the cognitive process model of construction workers is constructed.Through literature analysis and theoretical research,this paper systematically discusses the key causes of unsafe behavior,and extracts three individual cognitive factors of safety ability,safety values and safety motivation,and four organizational environmental factors of safety atmosphere,safety training,safety supervision and work pressure.Based on the theory of social cognition,this paper further analyzes the relationship between organizational environmental factors and individual cognitive factors,puts forward the research hypothesis from the perspective of organization individual cognition behavior,and constructs the theoretical model of unsafe behavior of construction workers.Secondly,combined with mature scales in domestic and foreign literature,a measurement scale for each variable is designed,and a small sample pre-investigation is used to optimize the scale.Then,a total of 416 valid questionnaires were collected through formal surveys,and SPSS23.0 and AMOS21.0 software were used to conduct descriptive statistical analysis,reliability and validity analysis of the survey data,and SEM was used to test and revise theoretical models and research hypotheses.The empirical research results show that safety capabilities,safety values,and safety motivations have a significant positive impact on safety participation behaviors and safety obedience behaviors.Safety atmosphere,safety training,safety supervision,and work pressure are all significantly related to individual safety perceptions.Finally,the empirical research results are analyzed and discussed.From the perspectives of construction workers’ individual cognition and organization management,it puts forward specific unsafe behavior management countermeasures and suggestions,in order to provide guidance for construction workers’ unsafe behavior management practices.There are 23 figures,32 tables and 116 references in this paper.