| The treatment of rural domestic garbage is the key link of the treatment of rural residential environment,and also the important content of building a livable and beautiful countryside.In recent years,the Chinese government has comprehensively and solidly promoted the rural environmental consolidation,successfully reversed the long-term situation of dirty and disorderly rural areas,and achieved a clean and orderly village environment.However,in reality,due to the limited financial funds of local governments and the single implementation of policies,coupled with the weak awareness of farmers’ environmental protection,relying solely on the government-led governance model can no longer meet the practical needs of rural domestic waste governance.As the direct beneficiaries and important participants of environmental governance,if farmers can build a social normative mechanism based on farmers’ autonomy,expand and agglomerate grass-roots social networks,they can create a good atmosphere for rural domestic waste governance,thus avoiding the problem of government policy failure.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to clarify the complex relationship between environmental policies,social norms and rural domestic waste treatment,and to stimulate farmers’ enthusiasm for domestic waste treatment by strengthening political and social interaction.Based on this,combining the relevant domestic and foreign literature,and combing and summarizing the literature,and taking the public product theory,planned behavior theory,environmental regulation theory,farmer behavior theory and other theories as the research basis,the theoretical framework system between environmental policy,social norms and farmers’ willingness to treat their living garbage is first constructed.Secondly,through the collection and collation of field survey data of 30 villages and towns in rural areas of Shaanxi Province,the current situation of domestic waste treatment in Shaanxi Province and the study area is analyzed in depth;Thirdly,the index system of environmental policies and social norms is constructed and measured,and the direct and interactive effects of environmental policies and social norms on farmers’ willingness to treat domestic waste are discussed respectively using probit model and Logit model.Finally,based on the results of empirical analysis,countermeasures and suggestions are given to improve farmers’ willingness to treat domestic waste from both environmental policies and social norms.The main research conclusions of this paper are as follows:First,the willingness of rural residents in Shaanxi Province to participate in domestic waste treatment is high,but the willingness to pay and choose is low.The data shows that the average willingness of farmers to participate in waste treatment in Shaanxi Province is 3.134,while the average willingness to pay and willingness to choose are 0.398 and 1.361,respectively.This shows that although farmers have high willingness to participate,they are not willing to pay for it and are willing to choose convenient and simple governance methods.This paper believes that the reason for this phenomenon is that farmers,under the pressure of face,choose options that are inconsistent with their inner reality when receiving interviews.But when it comes to their own interests,they are more alert.Most farmers think that the cost of waste treatment should be borne by the relevant government departments,and they are not willing to pay too much labor for waste treatment.Second,environmental policies and social norms have a very significant positive impact on farmers’ willingness to participate in domestic waste treatment,willingness to pay,and willingness to choose waste treatment methods.Specifically,the environmental and economic policies have the greatest impact on farmers’ willingness to treat garbage,followed by environmental administrative policies,and finally personal ethics.Among other control variables,the gender and health status of farmers significantly negatively affect the level of garbage classification;Education level and whether they are party members are significantly positively correlated with the level of garbage classification.The impact of environmental policies and social norms on farmers’ willingness to treat domestic waste has an interactive effect.Guiding the implementation of social norms will help promote farmers with strong social norms to improve their willingness to treat domestic waste.Thirdly,this study designed the interaction item of environmental administrative policy and social norms to study the impact mechanism of the interaction item of the two on farmers’ willingness to treat domestic waste.Through empirical analysis,it shows that the willingness of environmental policy to participate in household waste treatment is affected to a certain extent by social norms,that is,villages with high social norms are more conducive to the implementation of environmental policies,and villages with high social norms,The higher the sense of social responsibility of farmers,the higher their personal moral level,and the higher their enthusiasm for domestic waste treatment.However,the study found that the willingness of environmental policies to choose household garbage treatment methods is negatively affected by social norms to a certain extent.The possible reason is that in villages with good social norms and strong self-restraint,the greater the strength of government environmental administrative policies,on the contrary,farmers feel "disgusted".Farmers think that the village is their own,they will protect the environment themselves,and do not need government intervention.According to the research conclusion,this paper puts forward policy recommendations to improve the environmental policy system mechanism,improve the household garbage treatment willingness of farmers,improve the social standard mechanism,enhance the enthusiasm of household garbage treatment,increase environmental publicity,and enhance the awareness of environmental protection of farmers. |
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