| Our agricultural resources and environment suffer from the double pressure of exogenous pollution and endogenous pollution.The excessive use of agricultural inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides,and the unreasonable disposal of agricultural wastes such as livestock and poultry manure,crop straw and field film residues have led to increasingly serious agricultural non-point source pollution and increased the risk of soil and water pollution.The prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution is an important starting point to realize the high quality development of agriculture and ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products,and effectively protect the quality of cultivated land soil and irrigation water quality.In order to reduce agricultural non-point source pollution accompanied by economic development,it is necessary to adjust the behavior of agricultural production subject through policy and system.In China,farmers are the main body of agricultural production,and their main and participating behaviors are worthy of further investigation and research for the prevention and control of nonpoint source pollution.Based on this,this study takes Muling City,Heilongjiang Province,a pilot unit for agricultural non-point source pollution control and supervision identified in 2021,as the research area.Based on field investigation and questionnaire analysis,this study systematically analyzes the impact of farmers’ production behaviors on agricultural non-point source pollution from the perspectives of farmers’ technology choice behaviors,production means adoption behaviors,farmers’ environmental awareness and labor transfer.In order to provide decision support for the subsequent agricultural non-point source pollution control and agricultural green transformation.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Current situation of agricultural non-point source pollution in Muling City: According to the estimation of sewage discharge,the aquaculture industry is the main source of agricultural non-point source pollution in Muling City,and the COD contribution is close to 100%,and the TN and TP contributions are over 80%.The next was planting industry,with TP and TN contributing nearly 20%.The contribution of COD,TP and TN pollutants in aquaculture is only about 1%.(2)The effects of farmers’ production behaviors on the application of chemical fertilizer:(1)In terms of the basic situation of farmers’ families,the application of chemical fertilizer decreased by 1.946% and 19.152% for every 1% increase in education level and position;When the age and the years of farming increased by 1%,the fertilizer application increased by 0.038% and 69.992%,respectively.(2)In terms of the behavior of farmers’ technical choice,the application of chemical fertilizer decreased by 74.256%,18.990%,91.903% and 43.256% for every 1% increase in the number of technical personnel guiding fertilization,mechanical tillage,fertilization technical training and planting and breeding combination.For every 1% increase in fertilization according to personal experience and participation in the fertilization technical training of non-governmental organizations,the fertilizer application amount increased by 42.813% and 63.324%,respectively.(3)In terms of the adoption behavior of means of production,the area of cash crops,the application of livestock and poultry manure,and the application amount of chemical fertilizer decreased by 73.205%,108.68% and 47.564% for each 1% increase of chemical fertilizer according to the understanding of agricultural technicians.When the total number of cultivated land and the proportion of paddy field increased by 1%,the fertilizer application increased by 0.36% and 73.250%,respectively.(4)In terms of farmers’ environmental awareness and behavior,returning straw or overbelly to field and biomass generation from straw had significant negative effects on fertilizer application.(5)In terms of the transfer of agricultural labor force,the proportion of agricultural income increased by 1%,and the application of chemical fertilizer increased by 33.861% and 18.773%,respectively.(3)Based on the current situation and model analysis results of non-point source pollution in Muling City,feasible countermeasures and suggestions for agricultural green development were put forward in such fields as labor quality,farmers’ environmental awareness,technical training,agricultural production mode and legal supervision. |
