Study On The Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Carbon Emissions From Land Use In Heilongjiang Province

Global warming is a serious threat to human survival and development,and is a serious challenge facing humanity today.Emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide are an important cause of climate change.Land use is one of the main human activities that cause greenhouse gas emissions.Land use affects global change and the carbon cycle process by changing the surface cover and the socio-economic activities it carries.Therefore,carrying out research on land use carbon emissions has important practical significance for promoting sustainable development of regional economy and achieving low-carbon emission reduction.Based on this,this paper takes Heilongjiang Province as the research area,takes the five periods of land use data from 2000 to 2020 as the basis,uses Arc GIS zoning statistics and spatial analysis functions,and uses the land use carbon emissions accounting model to calculate the direct and indirect carbon emissions of land use,and obtains the total amount of land use carbon emissions.Based on the spatial autocorrelation theory,explore the spatial agglomeration characteristics of land use carbon emissions,introduce the land use carbon emissions risk index and carbon footprint pressure index,analyze the risk degree of regional carbon emissions,and reveal the spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics and laws of land use carbon emissions in the study area.On this basis,using the grey correlation degree model and LMDI model,identify the dominant land types and main factors that affect carbon emissions,and propose development suggestions for low-carbon land use in Heilongjiang Province according to local conditions.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)The carbon emission coefficient method is used to directly measure the carbon emissions of five land types:arable land,forest land,grassland,water area and unused land,and indirectly measure the carbon emissions generated by human activities on construction land through statistical energy consumption,combine the direct carbon emissions and indirect carbon emissions to obtain the total carbon emissions,summarize and analyze the characteristics of land use carbon emissions changes,and analyze the spatial autocorrelation tool to The spatial clustering characteristics of land use carbon emissions were also analyzed with the help of spatial autocorrelation tools.The research results show that the total land use carbon emissions increased by 7397.22×10~4t during the study period,with an average annual growth rate of 369.86×10~4t and an average annual growth rate of 5.75%.The spatial differences of land use carbon emission levels among districts and counties are significant,among which the carbon emission levels are higher in the southwest,northwest and northeast,and lower in the diagonal direction from the northwest to the southeast,and the Daxinganling area is mainly a carbon absorption area.From the spatial agglomeration characteristics,the agglomeration type is mainly H-H type and L-L type.Among them,H-H type is mainly distributed in Daqing,Suihua and Harbin border area counties in the south of Heilongjiang Province,and some counties in Jixi and Shuangyashan in the northeast,while L-L type is mainly distributed in Daxinganling area and some counties in northern Heihe and northern Yichun.(2)Quantitative analysis of land use carbon emissions risk index and carbon footprint pressure index,comprehensively reflecting the relative magnitude of land use carbon emissions risk.The research results show that the land use carbon emission risk index and carbon footprint pressure index in Heilongjiang Province showed an increasing trend from 2000 to 2010,and remained relatively s Tab.after 2010,with significant differences in risk levels among districts and counties.Most high-risk areas are distributed in clusters in the eastern and western regions,with the highest carbon emission risk in the regions and counties bordering Harbin,Suihua,and Daqing in the western region,followed by the regions and counties bordering Jiamusi and Shuangyashan in the eastern region,and lower carbon emissions in the rest of the region.Specifically,the risk pressure on land use carbon emissions has a trend of increasing first,then decreasing,and then increasing,consistent with the trend of changes in total land use carbon emissions.The land use carbon footprint pressure index shows a continuous growth trend,and the growth rate gradually slows down.The polarization of the land use carbon footprint pressure index in Heilongjiang Province is obvious.(3)The LMDI model was used to analyze the direction and extent of the impact factors on land use carbon emissions.The results showed that the effects of various impact factors on land use carbon emissions during different stages of the study period were significantly different.Overall,economic development,land use structure,and carbon emission intensity have a driving effect on the growth of land use carbon emissions,while land use efficiency has a inhibiting effect on the growth of land use carbon emissions,while population size has a small contribution to land use carbon emissions.Among them,the degree of economic development is the leading factor in promoting the growth of carbon emissions from land use,followed by land use structure.(4)Combining the correlation degree between each land use type and carbon emission,and the analysis results of land use carbon emission influencing factors,and considering the actual development situation of Heilongjiang Province,we propose to strengthen land use management,adjust land use mode.Es Tab.lish scientific farming system,improve the quality of arable land,control the scale of construction land,promote land improvement and development,strengthen ecological land protection,improve the dynamic monitoring mechanism;transform the economic development mode,promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure.Promote the development of low-carbon agriculture,vigorously support new industries,actively develop the tertiary industry,and promote industrial transformation and upgrading;optimize the energy structure and improve energy utilization efficiency;control the size of the population and improve the quality of the population;strengthen government macro-control and give full play to the role of the government and other development measures and suggestions to promote low-carbon land use.