Ecological Compensation Based On The Assessment Of The Value Of Ecosystem Regulation Services Standard Study

Since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the construction of ecological civilization has risen to the height of "five-in-one",the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has proposed "the establishment of a market-oriented and diversified ecological compensation mechanism",the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has called for "improving the ecological protection compensation system",and in recent years,the state has continuously introduced a number of policies on ecological compensation.The ecological compensation system is an important means to promote the construction of ecological civilization,and it is also an effective measure to solve the contradiction between regional ecological protection and economic development.For the problems of too low compensation standards in China’s ecological compensation practice,it is very important to determine the ecological compensation standards through reasonable methods.Taking the Poyang Lake region as an example,this thesis compares and analyzes the ecological pattern and temporal and spatial evolution of the Poyang Lake area in 2010 and 2020 from the district and county levels,comprehensively integrates meteorological,socio-economic,land use/cover,land spatial planning and protection data,calculates the value of ecological product regulation services in the Poyang Lake region,and analyzes the composition of regulation services and the change characteristics of various indicators in the past ten years.On this basis,the priority order of regional ecological compensation is determined by the ecological compensation priority index(ECPS),and then the ecological compensation demand intensity coefficient is introduced to revise the ecological compensation standard amount,and then the ecological compensation standard of each county is determined,which provides a certain reference basis for improving the ecological protection compensation mechanism.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)The results of the spatiotemporal evolution of ecosystems in Poyang Lake region in2010 and 2020 showed that:(1)the types of ecosystems in Poyang Lake region were mainly farmland ecosystems and forest ecosystems;(2)In the past 10 years,the area of farmland ecosystem and forest ecosystem decreased,wetland ecosystem increased slightly,urban ecosystem expansion trend was obvious,and shrubland ecosystem,grassland ecosystem and bare land decreased slightly;(3)The characteristics of ecosystem type transformation mainly include: farmland and forest ecosystems are mainly transferred out,and urban and wetland ecosystems are mainly transferred in;There are interconversions between farmland and forests,farmland and wetlands,and the expansion of urban ecosystems over a 10-year period has come mainly from farmland.(2)The results of the value accounting and temporal and spatial evolution analysis of regulation services in Poyang Lake region in 2010 and 2020 show that:(1)the total value of regulation services in 2020 was 574.497 billion yuan,of which flood control and storage services were the most prominent,with a value of 324.667 billion yuan,accounting for 56.51%;followed by water conservation services and climate regulation services,with values of 178.440 billion yuan and 70.559 billion yuan,accounting for 31.06% and 12.28% respectively.(2)The counties(cities and districts)with high regulatory service value mainly include Poyang County and Duchang County,while Xunyang District has the lowest regulatory service value.In addition,Duchang County has the highest value of the unit area of the adjustment service,which is 41.1721 million yuan / square kilometer;(3)In the past 10 years,the value of regulation services decreased slightly,and the value of carbon sequestration,flood control and storage,and soil conservation increased,among which the value of soil conservation increased the fastest,with an average annual growth rate of 3.58%;(4)From the county level,the value of regulation services in Xinjian District and Yongxiu County increased rapidly,with an average annual growth rate of 1.11% and 1.07%,respectively,and Jinxian County had the fastest decline in the value of regulated services,with an average annual decline rate of 1.43%.(3)The results of determining the priority of ecological compensation and the calculation results of ecological compensation standards show that:(1)the spatial distribution of ecological compensation priority index shows that the high-value areas are Poyang County,Yugan County and Jinxian County,which should be compensated first,and the low-value areas include Nanchang County,Lianxi District,Xunyang District,etc.,and the restrictions on economic development of ecological environmental protection are small,and the urgency of ecological compensation is weak;(2)The ecological compensation standard amount was revised by using the ecological compensation demand intensity coefficient,and the ecological compensation standard amount of each county was assessed.