Research On The Effect Of PM2.5 Concentration On The Absorption Capacity Of Urban Labor In China

In today’s society where China’s economy is transitioning from high-speed to highquality development,it is urgent to address the increasingly severe air pollution problem and meet people’s higher requirements for environmental quality.The current developed transportation level and fast information transmission have lowered the mobility threshold for workers,and PM2.5 concentration has become the most concerned environmental indicator for workers.Air quality,as an important factor in the level of urban environment,is becoming increasingly attractive to workers.The current talent war in various regions of China has become increasingly fierce,and the inflow of labor resources is crucial for the development of each city.This article studies the impact of PM2.5 concentration on labor absorption capacity,exploring its internal correlation,mechanism of action,and regional heterogeneity,which is of great significance in improving the marginal labor absorption capacity of cities and promoting sustainable development of cities.Firstly,this article reviews relevant literature and research results in the past,and uses spatial visualization methods to analyze the current situation and trend of PM2.5concentration and labor absorption capacity in various regions of China.Secondly,based on literature review and current situation analysis,a theoretical model of the impact of PM2.5 concentration on urban labor absorption capacity is derived,and corresponding hypotheses are proposed.Thirdly,the OLS model and the fixed effect model are used to empirically analyze the panel data of 283 cities in China from 2004 to 2019,and the robustness test is conducted using the instrumental variable method,the system GMM model and the sample elimination method.Afterwards,the mechanism by which PM2.5concentration affects labor absorption capacity was explored from the perspectives of wage levels,public service levels,and policy impacts.Then,the threshold effect of PM2.5concentration on the absorption capacity of urban labor was tested using various characteristic indicators of the city as threshold variables.In addition,heterogeneity analysis was conducted based on different geographical locations and economic development levels.Finally,policy recommendations were provided from three aspects.The research results indicate that: firstly,the overall trend of PM2.5 concentration change in China is increasing first and then decreasing.The trend of labor absorption capacity is increasing in small and medium-sized cities and decreasing in large cities.Overall,the spatial distribution of labor resources tends to be rationalized.Secondly,the impact of PM2.5 concentration on labor absorption capacity shows an inverted U-shaped curve relationship.Thirdly,the effect of PM2.5 concentration on labor absorption capacity is influenced by wage levels,public service levels,and environmental policies.Fourthly,from the perspective of the threshold effect of urban characteristic elements,there exists a single threshold effect of per capita GDP,a single threshold effect of government expenditure proportion,a double threshold effect of industrial structure level,and a single threshold effect of medical level.Fifthly,there is heterogeneity in the impact of PM2.5concentration on urban labor absorption capacity in cities with different geographical locations and economic development levels.