Researchon Green Total Factor Productivity Evaluation Of Chinese Peanut Based On Carbon Emission

The 19 th National Congress of the CPC made it clear that we should build a system of green development that is resource-conserving and environment-friendly.With the development of society,the scarcity of resources determines that the development of modern agriculture no longer depends on factor input,but depends on the improvement of factor productivity."Green" has become a major development direction of modern society,so,when carrying out agricultural production,we must take into account the environmental pollution caused by it,otherwise,this is contrary to the concept of green development.Nor can it promote sustainable economic development.Therefore,it is necessary to study green total factor productivity of agricultural production under environmental and resource constraints.China ranks first in the world in peanut production.In 2021,China’s total peanut production is about 18.308 million tons,accounting for over 36% of the world’s total peanut production.Current,our country’s edible oil is mainly dependent on imports.Soybean is the most important oil crop,but its external dependence is extremely high and increasing.The output,consumption,trade volume and land production and utilization efficiency of oil crop peanut are in a dominant position in China’s grain and oil resources.The development of peanut industry is the key to ensure national food security.Based on the above background,based on the balance panel data of peanut production and planting in 24 provinces of China from 2011 to 2021,this study summarized the current development status of 8 major peanut producing provinces through descriptive statistics.Based on the green perspective,environmental factors were incorporated into the accounting system to calculate carbon emissions in the input process of fertilizer,farming and irrigation.The non-expected output is included in the research framework of the total factor productivity of peanuts,and the productivity including the non-expected output is measured.The SBMGML index model is used to measure the green total factor productivity of peanuts in our country,and the dynamic index and its decomposition are analyzed.The results are as follows:At present,there are still many shortcomings in domestic peanut production.First,because domestic peanuts are mainly planted by farmers and require more human resources,the investment of farmers’ human resources will cause the continuous consumption of human resources,which leads to the continuous rise of labor costs,resulting in an increase in the overall cost of peanut production and a decrease in the overall income.Second,the current domestic peanut planting and production structure is mainly self-operated,it is difficult to achieve scale,intensification and mechanization.Third,farmers rely too much on pesticides and fertilizers in the planting process.The residual pesticides not only do harm to human health,but also have adverse effects on the ecological environment and the sustainable development of soil.Fourth,due to the falling price of peanuts,farmers’ enthusiasm for peanut planting and production has been hit,resulting in lower production efficiency of peanuts;Fifth,the total cost of peanut planting and processing is on the rise,the cost profit rate is on the decline,and the income level of various provinces and municipalities is uneven,the difference between regions is large,the development is unbalanced.Based on the perspective of time change and considering the situation of undesired output,the green total factor productivity(GTFP)from 2012 to 2020 based on 2011 was on the rise as a whole.However,the contribution of technical progress was obviously higher than that of technical efficiency.Therefore,technical progress will still be the main driving force for the growth of green production efficiency of Chinese peanut in the future.From the perspective of spatial change,19 provinces have realized the double growth of technology efficiency(EFFCH)and technology progress(TECH)during 2011-2021,and the two-way driving of technology progress and technology efficiency plays a positive role.In some provinces,the deterioration of technical efficiency has lowered the green productivity level of peanut,while in some provinces,the backward technology has lowered the green productivity level of peanut.There are relatively few cases in which both technical efficiency and technological progress have played a reverse pulling role.Based on the empirical analysis results,the following suggestions are put forward: In the provinces of peanut cultivation,reasonable adjustments should be made according to their own differences,the characteristics of producing areas and the changes of ecological environment,so as to reduce the proportion of these factors to the greatest extent,so as to improve the efficiency of the use of these factors and make their input and output more reasonable and scientific;In the process of peanut industry development,attention should be paid to the research and development,promotion,renewal and use of science and technology in the process of peanut production and life,to promote the innovation of production technology,and improve the level of technology,information and mechanization of peanut industry;Each region should take into account the specific situation of local economic development,geographical location,industrial structure and other aspects,consider the comparative advantages of resources in a multi-directional way,make the peanut industry development strategy according to local conditions,and vigorously develop standardized and green technologies in line with local conditions.The provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)should take the peanut production with different advantages in natural and agricultural resources as the basis,take "high yield,high quality and high efficiency" as the basic direction,and take "adapting to local conditions,developing strengths and avoiding weaknesses" as the basic idea,and promote the optimization and upgrading of the peanut industrial structure in each region.To give full play to the advantages of the region,through adjusting the input of various factors,realize the scientific management of enterprises,and encourage the extension of the industrial chain of peanuts,to carry out the comprehensive utilization and development of peanut by-products for agricultural,industrial and medical purposes;The ultimate goal of improving the green total factor productivity of Chinese peanut is to increase peanut output and speed up the green process of Chinese peanut production by green means.