Study On Oil Accumulation In Idesia Polycarpa Fruits And Its Storage Process

The accumulation of oil in plant fruits or seeds is closely related to its development process.The variation pattern of aroma composition is influenced by various factors,including growth conditions and other factors,and the variation pattern of aroma composition of Idesia polycarpa fruit during the harvesting period has a significant impact on the variation of aroma composition and quality of oil during this period.The fruit oil of Idesia polycarpa is rich in unsaturated fatty acids,among which the heaviest proportion is conjugated linoleic acid(CLA),which has a variety of physiologically active functions,and the unsaturated fatty acids are prone to oxidation and deterioration,making the quality of the oil greatly reduced during storage.In order to investigate the dynamic pattern of oil accumulation in the fruit and seeds of Idesia polycarpa,the change of aroma composition and the antioxidant effect of different food additives on the oil of Idesia polycarpa under different storage conditions,this paper investigates the dynamic pattern of oil accumulation in the fruit and seeds of Idesia polycarpa,the change of aroma composition and the antioxidant effect of different food additives on the oil of Idesia polycarpa under different storage conditions."In this paper,we compared the contents of basic chemical components in whole fruits,pulp and seeds of Idesia polycarpa fruits at different harvesting periods,and determined the fatty acid composition and relative contents of oils in different parts by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).After the comparison,the fruit and the aroma composition of the oil of the better variety " E Xuan No.1 " were selected for the determination of the aroma composition of the fruit and oil at the harvesting stage;the acid value,peroxide value,fatty acid composition and content of the oil were determined by different antioxidants at different temperatures.The results are as follows:(1)The best harvesting period of " Eselect No.1 " oil is about 133 days after the flowering period,when the average oil content of the whole fruit of Idesia polycarpa is 40.25%;the average oil content of the flesh is 44.60%;the average oil content of the seed is 30.55%,and the average oil content of " Eselect No.2 The best harvesting period of "Eselect 2" is about 128 days after the flowering period,when the average oil content of the whole fruit of Eselect 2 is 33.46%;the average oil content of the flesh is 44.35%;the average oil content of the seeds is 29.26%.The main fatty acid composition of each part of the fruit is mainly myristic acid(C14:0),palmitic acid(C16:0),palmitoleic acid(C16:1),pearlic acid(C17:0),stearic acid(C18:0),oleic acid(C18:1),linoleic acid(C18:2),γ linolenic acid(C18:3n6),arachidonic acid(C20:0),behenic acid(C22:0)The content of linoleic acid in the seed oil of "Eselect No.1" was as high as 61.85%,and the content of linoleic acid in the seed oil of "Eselect No.2" was higher than that of the whole fruit and the fruit,which was as high as 61.43%.The main fatty acid composition of all parts of the fruit are mainly myristic acid(C14:0),palmitic acid(C16:0),palmitoleic acid(C16:1),pearlic acid(C17:0),stearic acid(C18:0),oleic acid(C18:1),linoleic acid(C18:2),γ linolenic acid(C18:3n6),arachidic acid(C20:0),behenic acid(C22:0).(2)The overall aroma components in the fresh fruit and oil of Idesia polycarpa mainly included alcohols,esters,alkanes,phenols,ethers,aldehydes,alkenes,and ketones,and the overall aroma content showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.The overall aroma content showed a decreasing trend followed by an increasing trend,and all of them reached the lowest level at the special harvesting period of September 30.The dominant components of aroma components in fresh fruits were mainly alkanes,esters,alcohols,ketones,alkenes,and aldehydes,with relative contents of alkanes >esters > aldehydes > ketones > alcohols > alkenes.The dominant component of the aroma components in the oil was alkanes,with a maximum of 86.249 %,and the main component of alkanes was n-pentane,with a content of 86.156 % of the overall aroma components,which was the absolute dominant component of the aroma components of Idesia polycarpa oil,and its change pattern during the harvesting period was the same as the overall change pattern of the relative content of alkane aroma components in the oil,which was opposite to the overall relative content of alkane aroma components in the fresh fruit.The change pattern of the alkane aroma content in fresh fruits was the opposite.(3)The storage conditions of 4℃,25℃ and 40℃ with the compound antioxidant TBHQ+ascorbyl palmitate could effectively inhibit the increase of acid peroxide value and the change of fatty acid composition and the decrease of unsaturated fatty acid content.