Study On Extraction, Refining Process Optimization And Anti-oxidation Research Of Sycamore Oil

Idesiapolycarpa,also known as water winter gourd,oil grape and water winter tung,belongs to decidure trees and is a wood oil crop,which has the reputation of"oil depot on trees".Eating Idesiapolycarpa oil can enhance the antioxidant capacity and immune capacity of human body,promote growth and development,regulate blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels.Reduce blood lipid,soften blood vessels,reduce blood pressure,promote the health care effect of microcirculation,anti-aging and anti-cancer,improve lipid metabolism.At present,there are few researches on extraction,refining and processing of Jatropha curcas oil,and the edible oil market of Jatropha curcas is basically in a blank state.Jatropha curcas oil,as a kind of high-quality woody vegetable oil,is necessary to study its processing.Therefore,this topic takes Jatropha curcas as raw material.Through the determination of basic components and extraction pretreatment,the quality of oil extracted by different methods,the optimization of refining process and antioxidant analysis by orthogonal experimental design or response surface design,and the prediction of shelf life by Schaal oven accelerated test method.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）Determination and extraction pretreatment of basic components of Idesia polycarpa:（1）The contents of moisture,crude fiber,protein,starch,fat,reducing sugar,pectin,ash,calcium and phosphorus were 6.02%,15.54%,8.40%,7.62%,34.12%,9.79%,1.19%,4.80%,1547mg/kg,13.08mg/100g.（2）The optimal conditions for the treatment of fresh fruit of Jatropha curcas were as follows:drying temperature of 80℃,drying time of 13h,with oleic acid value,peroxide value and extraction rate as the indexes.Under these conditions,the highest extraction rate,acid value and peroxide value of oil were obtained.（2）Comparison and analysis of the quality of different extraction methods:Through optimizing the extraction process of water enzymatic method and extraction method,the optimal extraction conditions of water enzymatic method were as follows:solid-liquid ratio of 1:4.8,compound enzyme dosage of 1%,enzymatic hydrolysis p H4.7,enzymatic hydrolysis temperature of 46.6℃,enzymatic hydrolysis time of 4h.Under these conditions,the oil extraction rate was 20.54%.The optimal extraction conditions of organic solvent extraction method were as follows:solid-liquid ratio1:10,temperature 45℃,extraction time 62min.Under these conditions,the oil extraction yield was 28.47%.The oil extraction rate was as follows:extraction method>pressing method>water enzymatic method,extraction method had the highest oil extraction rate and the highest unsaponifiable substance content,but it was time-consuming and had some residual solvent.The red value and peroxide value of the oil extracted by water enzymatic method were the lowest,which were significantly higher than those extracted by pressing method and extraction method.The iodine value and unsaponifiable matter of pressing method are higher than that of water enzymatic method,and the oil extraction time is shorter and the operation is simple.Through GC analysis,the composition of fatty acids extracted by pressing method,water enzyme method and extraction method are the same,but the contents are different.The contents are 82.70%by pressing method,82.56%by water enzyme method,82.52%by extraction method,pressing method>enzyme method>extraction method.From the point of view of factory processing,oil extracted by pressing method was selected for subsequent refining.（3）Optimization and functional analysis of refining process:（1）The optimal refining process is the degumming condition:Under the conditions of temperature60℃,EDTA-2Na solution concentration 0.14mol/L,SDS solution concentration0.06mol/L,water content 8%,degumming time 15min,citric acid content 0.16g/m L,the degumming rate of C.jadescens oil reached 94.66%.The deacidification conditions were as follows:Na OH concentration was 0.15g/m L,superalkali content was 0.25%,alkali smelting temperature was 35℃,and alkali smelting time was45min.Under these conditions,the deacidification rate reached 96.05%.Under the conditions of 17%active clay,94℃and 94min stirring time,the decolorization rate of Idesia polycarpa oil was 91.07±0.43%.Deodorization conditions:deodorization temperature 185℃,deodorization time 100min.（2）Functional analysis:The IC₅₀values of DPPH radical scavenging ability were 9.63mg/m L for Jatropnia crude oil,24.52mg/m L for Jatropnia refined oil,64.55mg/m L for peanut oil,and 69.70mg/m L for rapeseed oil,respectively.The IC₅₀values of ABTS free radical scavenging ability were 6.68mg/m L of Idesia polycarpa oil,25.43mg/m L of Idesia polycarpa oil,67.01mg/m L of peanut oil,and 67.79mg/m L of rapeseed oil,respectively.In terms of antioxidant ability,Idesia polycarpa oil>peanut oil>rapeseed oil.According to the Schaal oven accelerated test method,the crude oil and refined oil can be stored for128 days at room temperature of 25℃.The oil can be stored for 64 days at room temperature of 25℃.high quality oil can be obtained by refining the crude oil of Jatropha sinensis.（4）According to the extraction and refining process,the quality standard of edible oil was established.