Game Study On Emission Reduction Incentive In Biodiesel Production Supply Chain From Waste Cooking

In 2020,China announced its vision to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060.Therefore,our country clearly proposes to promote green low carbon industry whole supply chain,strengthen technological research and innovation,improve production process,promote energy saving and emission reduction and new clean energy recycling.The recycling and utilization of kitchen waste oil for biodiesel production is an important measure to promote the development of renewable energy and the realization of national carbon emission reduction targets and climate targets.Compared with other raw materials for biodiesel production,the carbon emission reduction of biodiesel made from kitchen waste oil is very high.Not only the domestic transportation and aviation sectors are gradually introducing policies and regulations to support the development of biodiesel,but also put forward new requirements for the emission reduction of the entire supply chain of biodiesel.Eu and other member states have stricter requirements and targets for the use of biodiesel and the emission reduction of the value chain.China’s gutter oil and biodiesel are mainly exported to EU and other regions,and the export volume has been increasing since 2017.In the past,the carbon emission reduction of biodiesel made from gutter oil only focused on the emissions in the production stage,ignoring the carbon emissions of gutter oil recycling enterprises.However,with the national low-carbon requirements for the whole supply chain and the development of carbon label certification at home and abroad,considering the reduction of carbon emissions from the perspective of the whole supply chain will play a significant role in reducing the carbon emissions in the field of transportation and aviation.Based on the current domestic and foreign requirements on supply chain carbon emission reduction and combined with the actual situation of the biodiesel industry,this paper tries to encourage the biodiesel supply chain from gutter oil to reduce carbon emission from the perspective of the whole supply chain.It is assumed that the products of the gutter oil recycling enterprises will be recovered by the biodiesel enterprises at a higher price after the emission reduction research and development,and the consumers have low-carbon preference in the end consumption market.On this basis,the biodiesel enterprises will share a certain percentage of the cost of the recycling enterprises and set a certain carbon emission target quota for them,which will more effectively encourage the recycling enterprises to carry out carbon emission reduction research and development.Therefore,this paper first studied the development status of biodiesel from gutter oil and the carbon emission target,and obtained the main direction of this study.Then,by combing and studying the relevant literature at home and abroad,we find the research methods that can be used for reference and the existing problems in the current research.The third and fourth parts are the core of this paper.In the third part,a theoretical model of supply chain emission reduction incentive for biodiesel from gutter oil was established,and the optimal carbon emission reduction level and cost sharing ratio were obtained.The fourth part explores the application effect of the Shanghai closed-loop model,and takes the total welfare of the supply chain and the profit function of each enterprise as the target,and analyzes how the optimal emission reduction level and the optimal R&D cost sharing ratio are affected by other factors through numerical simulation.In the end,this paper draws the final conclusion based on the previous studies.In this paper,the profit function of gutter oil enterprises and biodiesel enterprises is set by game theory analysis method,and the optimal emission reduction level of gutter oil recycling enterprises and the optimal emission reduction cost sharing ratio of biodiesel enterprises are determined.The research shows that the optimal emission reduction cost sharing ratio is greatly influenced by the carbon emission quota target specified by biodiesel enterprises and the low-carbon preference of consumers.With the continuous increase of carbon emission quota,the cost sharing ratio of emission reduction decreases gradually,but eventually it will remain in a stable range.With the increase of consumers’ low-carbon preference,the cost-sharing ratio of emission reduction gradually increases.When consumers’low-carbon preference reaches the highest,the cost-sharing ratio of emission reduction will also reach the maximum,but the highest cost-sharing ratio is not the cost-sharing ratio that makes the supply chain welfare the largest.The optimal emission reduction level is mainly affected by the carbon emission limit.With the continuous increase of the carbon emission limit,the emission reduction level will first increase and then decrease,reaching the maximum within a stable range.When the total emission limit does not exceed a specific amount and the waste oil recycling enterprises reach the optimal emission reduction level after the pretreatment and carbon emission reduction,then the carbon emission limit target designated by the biodiesel enterprises will have an incentive effect on the waste oil recycling enterprises.If the carbon emission limit exceeds the above specific value,the total welfare of the supply chain will decrease,the optimal emission reduction level will decrease,and the optimal cost-sharing ratio will also decrease.According to the simulation results of real cases,when the carbon emission limit does not exceed 0.062,the profits of the gutter oil recycling enterprises will increase with the increase of the carbon emission limit.When the carbon emission limit does not exceed 0.075,the profits of biodiesel enterprises will increase with the increase of carbon emission limit.When the carbon emission limit does not exceed 0.1,the total welfare of the supply chain will increase with the increase of the carbon emission limit.On this basis,the values of other factors on the optimal emission reduction level of gutter oil recycling enterprises and the optimal emission reduction cost sharing ratio of biodiesel enterprises are simulated.Finally,it can be known that when the total carbon emission limit does not exceed 0.09,the optimal emission reduction level of gutter oil recycling enterprises is about 25%,and the optimal emission reduction cost sharing ratio of biodiesel enterprises is about 40%.At this time,the total welfare of the supply chain will be increased and the profits of the respective enterprises will be improved.It will also minimize carbon emissions in the supply chain.