Quality Inspection And Quality Evaluation Of Raw Milk In Luquan District,Shijiazhuang City

With the rapid development of my country’s economy,milk and dairy products are playing an increasingly important role on consumers’ dining tables,and the safety of milk and dairy products has also received close attention from consumers,national functional departments and experts.This thesis selects raw milk samples from 4 milk stations in Luquan District,Shijiazhuang City as the research object.The milk stations are named A,B,C,and D respectively.During 2021,a total of 480 batches of 1440 raw milk samples will be collected.The raw milk samples were tested for sensory indicators,physical and chemical indicators,and hygiene indicators.Analyze the key factors affecting the quality of raw milk and propose management measures.The results obtained in this thesis are: a total of 465 batches of qualified batches of sensory indicators of raw milk samples,with a pass rate of 96.88%;a total of 15 batches of abnormal detection batches,with a failure rate of 3.12%.In the physical and chemical index detection of raw milk samples,the average freezing point was-0.527±0.006°C,the average relative density was 1.0319±0.0016,the average protein content was 3.29±0.12 g/100 g,and the average fat content was 3.87±0.13g/100 g,the average acidity was 15.2±1.10 °T;among the health indicators,the average number of colonies was(6.58±3.55)×105 CFU/m L,and the average number of somatic cells was(3.72±1.25)×105 cells/m L.The raw milk veterinary drug residues all met the national limit standards,but a total of 29 veterinary drug residues were detected,with a detection rate of 2.01%.Raw milk samples tested negative for melamine.Aflatoxin M1 was detected in two batches in raw milk samples,accounting for 0.41% of the total batches.Comprehensive analysis of the main reasons for the problems in the raw milk and milk station in Luquan District,Shijiazhuang City are as follows: poor sanitation of dairy cow breeding environment,untimely cleaning of cow manure,poor ventilation,and lack of cooling equipment;irregular management of raw milk production process,and lack of daily maintenance of the refrigeration system Maintenance,cleaning and disinfection of milk collection,storage,and transportation systems are incomplete,and milking operations are not standardized;there are problems in the management of disease prevention and control of dairy cows,the monitoring of cow health status is not in place,disease prevention and screening are not timely,and disease diagnosis and treatment control is lax;The management system of animal feed is not perfect,such as unscientific selection of feed and nutritional matching,weak feed testing technology,and uncoordinated proportion of feed ingredients.This thesis analyzes and evaluates the quality of raw milk and the problems of milk stations through testing and investigation.The results have certain reference value for the quality monitoring of raw milk in Luquan District,Shijiazhuang City.