Study On Ecotourism Planning Strategy Of Qumalai,Qinghai Province Under The Guidance Of National Park

National parks play an important role in ecological conservation,which is manifested in the fact that they not only breed diverse ecosystems,but also protect unique natural landscapes.Moreover they also have functions of scientific research,education and recreation,which are of great significance to promoting ecological conservation and even economic development.At present,in order to protect the local ecological environment,most places in China adopt ecotourism mode for tourism development.However,due to the unscientific delineation of the development areas in the planning process,the local ecological environment has been greatly damaged,and the phenomenon of eco-tourism not being “ecological” has appeared.The existing researches on how to scientifically demarcate ecotourism development sites in national parks are obviously inadequate,which makes it difficult to provide a theoretical basis for specific planning practice from the planning and design level,to link tourism planning with land use from the practical level,and to provide beneficial reference for local governments to realize the common development of ecological environment protection and ecotourism from the policy level.Based on this,this paper takes Qumalai County,Yushu Prefecture,Qinghai Province as the research object,taking the national park as the guidance and ecological conservation as the aim,in order to realize the dynamic balance between tourism development and ecological protection.With the quantitative and qualitative research methods,this paper constructs a “three-evaluation” framework based on eco-tourism resources evaluation,ecotourism site suitability evaluation and tourism route selection analysis,and discusses how to realize the compatible development of ecological protection and eco-tourism under the guidance of “ecological protection first” in national parks.The research results not only provide a reference scheme for ecotourism development in similar areas,but also enrich the theoretical system of ecotourism planning,and provide a practical case with certain operability for planning practice,thus providing a reference for solving the problems of resources,ecology and landscape destruction that may occur in planning practice,and being conducive to the sustainable development of ecotourism under the guidance of national parks.There are six chapters in this paper,which can be divided into four parts.Chapters 1 and 2respectively correspond to the introduction and theoretical research,and explain the related concepts and logical relationship between ecotourism and national parks through literature review.On the basis of reviewing related research at home and abroad,the advanced experience of typical cases such as Great Barrier Reef National Park in Australia,Peak National Park in Britain and Yosemite National Park in the United States is analyzed and summarized.Based on the above research contents,the conceptual system,research methods and planning levels of this paper are basically determined.Chapters 3 and 4 introduce the empirical research,summarize four shortcomings of Qumalai’s current situation,and find that ecological problems have the greatest impact on the current development,especially geological disasters.Considering geological disasters,ecological environment and human disturbance,this paper adopts GIS spatial analysis methods such as analytic hierarchy process,buffer analysis and weighted superposition,and puts forward a “three-evaluation” framework based on ecotourism resources evaluation,eco-tourism site suitability evaluation and tourism road route selection analysis,and constructs the eco-tourism spatial structure of Qumalai with “one core,three points,three axes and five districts ”.The functional zoning and spatial layout of ecotourism are determined from the meso and micro perspectives,which can be used as the theoretical guidance for the material planning and design of ecotourism service facilities and infrastructure.Chapter 5 tells about the applied research.In order to solve the severe problem in the development of Qumalai eco-tourism,that is,the conflict between tourism resources and site suitability evaluation,four general strategies are formulated to ensure the compound development of high-quality tourism resources on the basis of ecological protection.Finally,the planning and development strategy of Qumalai eco-tourism is put forward from five aspects:traffic network improvement,complete supporting facilities,landscape ecological optimization,brand effect agglomeration and management and operation services.