Studies On Preparation And Properties Of Non-slip Rubber Composites

The rubber sole possesses good wear resistance,water resistance and wearing comfort,and is currently the most used sole materials.However,the coefficient of friction of rubber sole on wet and icy roads is extremely low,and it is easy to slip and fall,resulting in injury or even life-threatening.Therefore,it is an urgent problem to improve the coefficient of friction of the sole material on the slippery surface,thereby improving the anti-skid performance of the sole materials.Accordingly,in this thesis,four rubbers were firstly selected to investigate the antislip properties on different surfaces,and then the rubber with better anti-slip properties was used as the matrix,and silicon carbide(SiC)and glass fiber(GF)were used as fillers to construct a surface with a raised structure.Non-slip rubber material could be final obtained with good performance.The specific research content is divided into the following three parts:(1)Cis-butadiene rubber(BR),nitrile-butadiene rubber(NBR),natural rubber(NR)and styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR)were selected as the research objects.The chemical structure,glass transition temperature and adhesion work with glass surface were characterized,and the coefficient of friction on dry glass surface,water-wetted glass surface and ice surface was tested.The research results showed that the adhesion work of NBR rubber and glass was the largest,and the coefficient of friction on dry glass surface was also the largest,however,its coefficient of friction on water-wetted glass surface and ice surface was small.Furthermore,NBR/SiC composites were prepared by mechanical blending with NBR as matrix and modified SiC as anti-slip filler,and the effect of SiC content on the composites properties was explored.The results showed that the modified SiC could reinforce NBR,and the tensile strength of the composite was increased by 23 %.The static coefficient of fiction of NBR/SiC containing 35 phr of SiC in wetting state and ice surface reached 0.33 and 0.30,which were 106 % and 114 %higher than those of NBR,and thus the safety factor increased.In the application test of antislip performance on ice,the coefficient of friction of NBR/SiC composite basically met the use requirements.(2)In order to further improve the slip resistance and mechanical properties,NBR/GF composites were prepared by mechanical blending using glass fiber modified by silane coupling agent Si-69 as filler and NBR as matrix.The effects of the amount and length of glass fiber on the properties of the composites were studied.The results showed that the glass fiber was well dispersed in NBR.GF was well aligned under the rolling effect of the two-roll mill,and the orientation degree of the fiber reached more than 60 %.The addition of GF can improve the mechanical properties of NBR,and the maximum tensile strength and the maximum 100 %modulus in the fiber orientation direction are 33 % and 550 % higher than those of NBR,respectively.The density,hardness and swelling degree in ethyl acetate of NBR / GF composites gradually increased with the addition of glass fiber.The coefficient of friction of water wetted glass surface and ice surface gradually increased with the addition of glass fiber.When 80 phr and 110 phr long glass fiber(LGF)and 110 phr short glass fiber(SGF)were added,the static coefficient of friction of NBR/GF reached 0.61,0.70 and 0.55,respectively,which were much higher than the anti-slip requirements.In addition,the coefficient of friction of the composite on the surface of dry glass can be improved by alternating the NBR/GF blend and NBR blend.(3)In order to decrease the difficulty in processing and high energy consumption of NBR/GF composites,combined with the advantages of NBR/SiC composites and NBR/GF composites,the NBR/GF/SiC ternary composites were prepared by mechanical blending with20 phr LGF.The effect of SiC content on the properties of the composites was investigated.The results showed that the vulcanization time of NBR/GF/SiC blend did not change significantly,and the vulcanization rate was fast.The tensile strength and elongation at break of the composites decreased with the addition of SiC,whereas remained at a high level.The wear resistance of NBR/GF/SiC increased firstly and then decreased with the addition of SiC.The coefficient of friction test results showed that the composite with 40 phr SiC has the best antislip performance,and the static and dynamic coefficient of friction on the ice surface reach 0.42 and 0.33,respectively.While meeting the anti-sliding requirements on the ice,the preparation difficulty and energy consumption are controlled at a low level.