Research On Water Environment Governance Of Small And Micro Wetlands Under The Background Of Rural Revitalization Strategy

Wetland ecosystem and forest and marine ecosystem are known as the three major ecosystems of the earth.Wetlands are rich in natural resources and wildlife resources and play an important role in water purification,regional climate regulation,water storage and flood control,and maintaining ecosystem balance.Wetlands are mainly divided into manmade wetlands and natural wetlands.There are many sub-types of wetlands.Wetlands with an area of less than 8 hm2 are called micro-wetlands,and micro-wetlands are widely distributed in rural areas.In recent years,the development of rural areas has become a hot topic of attention and discussion.In order to solve the problems of rural development,the strategy for rural revitalization was first put forward in the 19 th Party Congress report in2017.The strategy takes "ecological liveability" as one of the general requirements and emphasizes the importance of ecological environment for villagers to live well.Over the past few decades,the phenomenon of "developing more than protecting the environment" in China has been serious,and the damage to the ecological environment is serious and irreversible.In rural areas of china,due to the villagers’ weak awareness of ecoenvironmental protection,encroachment on small and micro wetlands in our country will lead to the aggravation of rural water pollution and a marked decline in water quality,which may harm villagers’ physical and mental health in the long run,thus,it is urgent to improve rural environment management.Rural micro-wetland plays an important role in maintaining biodiversity,flood regulation,micro-climate regulation,water purification,landscape beautification and ecological protection.To this end,this study takes the damaged rural micro-wetland as an object of study,takes the design of Huaijiayuan micro-wetland as a case study,and carries out the analysis of the rural micro-wetland water environmental governance in the context of the rural revitalization strategy,aiming to provide theoretical reference and scientific reference for the design and construction of rural micro-wetland in Jiangxi Province.The findings are as follows.(1)Taking rural revitalization as the background of the times and rural micro-wetland as the research object,this paper analyzes the related theories of micro-wetland at home and abroad,studies the current classification,composition and functional characteristics of micro-wetland,and summarizes the common problems in environment,construction and management of micro-wetland in China using the induction method.This paper reveals the serious pollution,destruction of form,lack of cultural connotation,inadequate management mechanism and lack of economic benefit in the construction of small and micro-wetland in rural areas and analyzes the bottleneck of its causes.(2)Using case analysis to study three outstanding typical wetland construction cases in China,the planning concept of "green energy,circular economy" is summed up by analyzing the cases;The design principle of "ecologically oriented,taking into account landscape,small wetland and large ecology";The "underwater forest" means of water purification and the landscape framework of life base structure can be used as reference for the design and construction of small and micro wetland in rural Jiangxi province.(3)By means of literature research,based on ecological restoration theory,wetland restoration theory and hierarchical demand theory,the characteristics of rural microwetlands and ecological functions such as water storage,flood control,climate regulation and water purification were studied,and the mechanism of water purification by plants,microorganisms and substrates was explored.Based on the above theory and pattern analysis,this paper designs and designs a project to improve the water quality of Huajiajiajiaomei micro-wetland in Shangao city.The project is based on the characteristics of Huajiajiajiajiaomei micro-wetland,agriculture production and rural tourism,and uses Huajiajiajiaomei micro-water resources as sub-axle.In conclusion,the important position of rural micro-wetland in rural revitalization and rural water environment management cannot be ignored.In terms of design elements,a micro-wetland landscape based on water purification should be constructed,and local native plants should be used in plant arrangement.The design framework of rural micro-wetland with floating island,artificial wetland system,ecological barge and water purification plant as main elements will have unique socio-economic value and promote the rural ecological civilization construction and rural revitalization strategy in jiangxi province,and can also provide reference for the rural micro-wetland construction and water environmental management in the south.