Study On Carbon Emission Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Land Use In The Yangtze River Economic Belt

Against the background of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals and sustainable development,this paper took the Yangtze River Economic Belt as the research object,interpreted and classified the Landsat remote sensing images in 1999,2009 and 2019 using ENVI5.3 and Arc GIS10.4 to extract the six types of land use data.Then,combined land use data with socio-economic data and energy consumption data to calculate the carbon emissions of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,and analyzed the spatial-temporal changes of carbon emissions.Finally,the Geo Detector was used to explore the influencing factors of net carbon emissions,and the corresponding countermeasures were put forward in order to promote low-carbon development and ecological civilization construction in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.The results are as follows:(1)The largest area of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is woodland,accounting for nearly 1/2 of the total area,the second largest area is arable land which accounts for more than 30%of the total area.The order of the rest of land types by area is grassland>water>construction land>unused land.During the period 1999-2019,the area of arable land decreases significantly,by a total of 27383.83 km~2;the area of construction land increases markedly,by a total of 43980.63km~2;the rest of land area changed in a smaller scale.(2)From 1999 to 2019,land use carbon emissions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt are mainly from construction land,with an average contribution rate of 94.3%.Forest land is the most important carbon sink,and its carbon absorption accounts for about 95%of the total.In general,carbon emissions are much larger than carbon absorption,resulting in a significant increase in net carbon emissions,which has increased by 2077.72 million tons.The net carbon emissions and per capita carbon emissions of 11 provinces shows an upward trend,the average value increases by 1.8times and 1.6 times respectively,while the carbon emission intensity shows a downward trend,the average value reduces by 3.4 times.(3)The net carbon emissions of each province in the Yangtze River Economic Belt are different in space,showing the distribution characteristics of’high in the middle and upper reaches and low in the lower reaches’.The spatial difference of carbon emission intensity among provinces and cities first increases and then decreases,and the overall development is in the direction of low-carbon economy.The per capita emissions show a decreasing geographical spatial distribution pattern along the Yangtze River from east to west,which is similar to net carbon emissions.The spatial autocorrelation analysis of net carbon emissions shows that the’high-high’agglomeration areas are mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,and the’low-low’agglomeration areas are mainly distributed in the upper reaches.(4)From the results of factor detection,the main factors affecting land use carbon emissions are population size,population density,land use structure,economic aggregate,industrial structure and energy structure.From the results of interaction detection,the combinations of economic aggregate and industrial structure,population density and urbanization rate have a strong interaction in the study period,and jointly promote carbon emissions.