Research On Climate Adaptability Of Traditional Residential Space Layout In Ankang Region

In the context of rural revitalization,the focus of national and people’s attention is on the need to improve the living environment.The Ankang region belongs to the hot summer and cold winter region.During the long-term development process,the local traditional dwellings have continuously improved and accumulated valuable experience and wisdom in climate adaptation.Through interviews and surveying of the dwellings in the region,the research team attempts to summarize the climate adaptation laws of the traditional dwellings in the region,and research helps to protect the local traditional dwellings,providing certain reference value and significance for the sustainable development of green ecological buildings.The study first utilizes data collected by national meteorological data stations and small meteorological stations to summarize and analyze local climate characteristics;Using Climate Consultant climate analysis software,the conditions for the application of passive design strategies in local residential areas were preliminarily summarized;A detailed analysis was conducted on the passive strategies of residential buildings in terms of heating,insulation,shading,ventilation,wind prevention,and moisture prevention.It was concluded that measures such as shading,insulation,and heating insulation were mainly taken to improve indoor thermal comfort.Secondly,the spatial layout of traditional dwellings in the region was sorted and surveyed,and it was found that the settlement space is mainly divided into flat terrain,mountain foot valleys,mountain terraces,and gentle slopes on the mountainside.The courtyard space is divided into open courtyards,semi open courtyards,and enclosed courtyards.The residential building space is divided into a hall,bedroom,and kitchen.The attic space and eaves gallery space are very important spatial components of local residential buildings.Then,the indoor thermal environment parameters of Xinzhuang Village,Jiangkou Town,Ningshan County,Shuhe Ancient Town,Cangfang Village,Jiazhen Town,Baihe County,Youyi Village,Chengguan Town,Zhenping County,Qianshan Village,Zengjia Town,and Yingliang Village,Xiangyang Town,Ziyang County were measured with the thermal index meter,and the laws and characteristics of the thermal environment of the residential buildings were preliminarily mastered,and the thermal environment characteristics of the residential buildings were calculated and analyzed using APMV.The proportion of indoor comfort hours reaching Level I in summer residential areas is 26%,75%,and 75%,respectively.The proportion of indoor comfort hours reaching Level II is41%,25%,100%,and 25%,respectively.The proportion of indoor comfort hours reaching Level I in winter is 83%,79%,and 21%,respectively.The proportion of indoor comfort hours reaching Level II is 17%,21%,100%,and 79%,respectively.It can be seen that local residential areas have taken into account both summer and winter seasons when carrying out indoor climate construction.Finally,software simulations were used to analyze and validate the adaptability of spatial layout from five aspects: solar radiation,wind environment,air temperature,air humidity,and precipitation,revealing the climate adaptability texture of local residential spatial layout.The local residential area has created a favorable microclimate environment through appropriate site selection.The residential area utilizes an open courtyard space facing north and south,three rooms and four rooms,and a transparent and regular layout with a depth ratio of about 1:2 to strive for more solar radiation in winter;The use of gable windows,2.4m high attic space,spacious hall space,and high facade windows promotes indoor ventilation;4.2m eaves with a height of 1.5m,overhanging eaves with a length of1.5m,a north-south double slope roof form with a slope of 30 °,and a height of 1.2m ×1.2m small window to adapt to the hot summer climate environment.Through the analysis and summary of local residential climate adaptation strategies,combined with the needs of local residential development,this study proposes layout references and strategic suggestions for residential schemes,and further optimizes and simulates the layout combination of new residential buildings,in order to provide a certain reference value for rural residential construction.