| Groundwater resources are an indispensable and important resource in human production and life,and an important guarantee for sustainable social development.However,with the large-scale development and utilization of groundwater,a series of problems such as continuous decline in water level and land subsidence have become important factors affecting the high-quality development of China’s social economic development.The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the management and protection of groundwater.Since 2018,Henan Province has carried out a pilot project to comprehensively control groundwater overexploitation,effectively curbing the continuous downward trend of groundwater level.Scientifically evaluating the benefits of groundwater overexploitation control is beneficial for improving groundwater overexploitation control measures,promoting the effective implementation of comprehensive groundwater overexploitation control,and it is of great significance for achieving sustainable development.This thesis takes the water receiving area of the South to North Water Diversion Project in Henan Province as the research object,and conducts an evaluation study on the comprehensive management benefits of groundwater overexploitation.The main content and achievements are as follows:(1)Theoretical analysis of the effect of groundwater overexploitation treatment.On the basis of summarizing the research achievements related to groundwater overexploitation control,this paper summarizes the relevant concepts and connotations of groundwater,and analyzes the benefits of groundwater overexploitation on ecology,society,and economy;Based on the measures and methods for controlling the affected areas of the South to North Water Diversion Project,exploring the ecological,social,and economic benefits of comprehensive control of groundwater overexploitation,providing theoretical support for the construction of an evaluation system for comprehensive control of groundwater overexploitation.(2)Construction of a comprehensive management benefit evaluation system for groundwater overexploitation.Based on eight major criteria,including institutional mechanisms,engineering measures,regulatory measures,capital investment,effectiveness of mining targets,and economic,social,and ecological benefits,a system of evaluation indicators for the benefits of groundwater overexploitation control has been established;The AHP entropy weight method combined with weighting method was used to determine the indicator weight,and the SMI-P comprehensive evaluation method was combined to establish a comprehensive evaluation model for the benefits of groundwater overexploitation control;On this basis,based on the modular design concept,the evaluation software is developed using Python language to achieve automatic output of evaluation results,which improves the efficiency,practicality,and intelligence level of the evaluation of the benefits of groundwater overexploitation control.(3)Evaluation and application of the benefits of groundwater overexploitation control.Based on the actual management work of the water receiving area of the South to North Water Diversion Project in Henan Province,a suitable evaluation index system for the benefits of groundwater overexploitation control in the water receiving area of the South to North Water Diversion Project was established.The constructed benefits evaluation model and developed software platform were applied to evaluate the benefits of groundwater overexploitation control in the water receiving area of the South to North Water Diversion Project in Henan Province.The evaluation results show that the benefit index of groundwater overexploitation control in the receiving area of the South to North Water Diversion Project in Henan Province is 0.80,which belongs to a good level.Among them,the construction efficiency index of institutional mechanisms,engineering measures,and regulatory measures is 0.97,the construction efficiency index of engineering measures is 0.96,and the construction efficiency index of regulatory measures is greater than 0.9,which belongs to the excellent level;The efficiency index of fund investment and utilization is 0.88,which belongs to a good level;The economic,social,and ecological benefit index is between 0.7 and 0.8,belonging to the medium level;The target benefit index of pressure mining is 0.69,which belongs to the pass level.(4)Identification of key factors and suggestions for measures.From the perspective of criteria layer,the effectiveness of pressure mining targets,ecological benefits,and social benefits are the main aspects that constrain the comprehensive management benefits of groundwater overexploitation;From the perspective of indicator layer,the main factors restricting the comprehensive management benefits of groundwater overexploitation include the coefficient of groundwater overexploitation,the amplitude of groundwater level change,the proportion of groundwater supply,the rate of land subsidence,and the area of shallow overexploitation areas;Starting from the overall water receiving area of the South to North Water Transfer Project in Henan Province,and combining various constraints,the paper puts forward suggestions for the follow-up treatment work,such as strict groundwater management,multi-channel surface water source replacement,increasing ecological water supplement of rivers and lakes,strengthening water source treatment and water quality monitoring. |
