Taxonomy And Crude Drug Resources Of Tricholomatoid Fungi From Northeast China

Tricholomatoid fungi are an important and widely distributed fungus.They are not only edible fungi with a delicious taste and high nutritional content,but also medicinal fungi with medicinal effects such as improving immunity,anti-inflammatory and reducing blood sugar.The forests and grasslands of Northeast China are vast and rich resources of fungi.Based on field investigation and collection by the team over many years,this study studied the species diversity and crude drug resources of tricholomatoid fungi in Northeast China,and provided reference for the rational development and utilization of tricholomatoid fungi.Methods: 1.Through the observation of macroscopic and microscopic characteristics,each species is described in detail: macroscopic characteristics include basidiomata size,pileus,lamellae,context,stipe,odor and taste,spore deposit color;microscopic features include basidiospores,basidia,hymenial cystidia,hymenophoral trama,pileipellis,and clamp connections.Line drawings,habitat photos and keys to species of each genus were provided.2.Based on ITS sequence and sequence downloaded from Genbank,RAx ML GUI 2.0 software was used to perform phylogenetic analysis using the maximum likelihood method(ML).Based on ITS,LSU and RPB1 sequences,the maximum likelihood method and Bayesian Inference phylogenies(BI)were used to perform phylogenetic analysis on the genus.Results: From 2020 to 2022,our team collected more than 260 specimens of tricholomatoid fungi in the field many times.Combined with macroscopic and microscopic characteristics,self-collected specimens and related specimens preserved in the Herbarium of Mycology of Jilin Agricultural University(HMJAU)were studied taxonomically.A total of 10 species of Tricholoma,10 species of Melanoleuca,7 species of Calocybe,2 species of Tricholomopsis and 2 species of Tricholosporum,1 species of Leucocalocybe and 1 species of Tricholomella were identified.Among them,Calocybe violacea is a new species of Calocybe;Calocybe decolorata is a new record species in Jilin Province;three species,Calocybe erminea,Melanoleuca griseobrunnea and Tricholosporum haitangshanum,are newly recorded from Inner Mongolia;Tricholoma frondosae is a new record species in Liaoning Province.The results of phylogenetic analysis supported morphological identification.Based on the combined phylogenetic analysis of ITS,LSU and RPB1 sequences,this study suggested that Leucocalocybe as a monophyletic group belonged to Clitocybeae.Objective: The main objective of this study is to find more edible and medicinal macrofungi resources.It was found that there were abundant species resources of tricholomatoid fungi in Northeast China,including 22 species of medicinal fungi,39 species of edible fungi and 15 species of poisonous fungi.Includes 18 anti-tumor effects,3 antioxidant effects,2 antibacterial effects,2 immunomodulatory effects,2 radiation effects,and 2hypoglycemic effects.