Research On The Impact Of Grey Space In Teaching Buildings Of Middle Schools In Zhangjiakou On The Wind Environment Of Courtyards

With the update of education concepts and teaching models in China,the design of middle school teaching buildings has received more and more attention.Its architectural design requirements are no longer limited to meeting simple teaching functions,but more focused on the expression of architectural form and environmental creation.For cold cities,the outdoor spatial environment quality of winter teaching buildings is greatly affected by the wind environment,which directly reduces the physical comfort of teachers and students,thereby hindering their willingness to engage in outdoor activities.By placing a gray space in the teaching building,not only can the shape of the teaching building be enriched,but also the wind disturbance law can be used to regulate the wind environment of the building courtyard.Therefore,in terms of the development and updating of current teaching buildings,exploring the impact relationship between the gray space of middle school teaching buildings and the courtyard wind environment has important research significance.Based on the above research background,this article takes the cold region city of Zhangjiakou as the research location to conduct numerical simulation and comparative analysis of the courtyard wind environment of middle school teaching building prototypes placed in different gray spaces,attempting to obtain the correlation between the gray space design of middle school teaching buildings and the courtyard wind environment,in order to provide scientific design strategies and new design perspectives for the design of middle school teaching buildings.Firstly,this article conducted a survey on 12 middle school teaching buildings in Zhangjiakou City,summarizing and summarizing the layout forms and building scale parameters of middle school teaching buildings.Based on the survey data,a basic model of the building with a layout form of "C" was established;At the same time,representative teaching buildings were selected during the field research process to conduct on-site wind environment measurement and record data to verify the accuracy and applicability of the photonics simulation software.Secondly,different simulation conditions for elevated spaces and sunken courtyards are set up,and gray spaces such as elevated and sunken spaces are placed on the basis of the basic model.Numerical simulation experiments are conducted on different simulation conditions using the phoenics software.Based on the evaluation system,the simulation results of different conditions are analyzed and compared from the aspects of average wind speed,wind speed dispersion,and the proportion of wind area with different comfort levels.Finally,explore the impact of overhead space in middle school teaching buildings on the courtyard wind environment from four aspects: the direction of building layout openings,the number of overhead corridors,and the location of overhead spaces;It can be concluded that the "C" type layout is more suitable for the winter wind environment in Zhangjiakou compared to the reverse "C" type layout.The design of building corridors should give priority to not being elevated,and the number of elevated spaces should be arranged in a single position,with the leeward side being preferred.Exploring the impact of sunken space on the courtyard wind environment from the perspective of whether the building courtyard sinks or not;It can be concluded that the reverse "C" opening layout is more suitable for incorporating a sunken courtyard in teaching buildings than the "C" opening layout.Finally,this article proposes a design strategy for the gray space of teaching buildings in Zhangjiakou middle schools based on the courtyard wind environment.