Optimal Design Of PCB Assembly Work Space Based On Ergonomics

With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry,in order to quickly occupy a favorable position in the market,enterprises seek various methods and means to reduce production costs and improve production efficiency to ensure that enterprises can obtain maximum profit margins.However,while enterprises pursue economic benefits,they usually ignore the consideration of the work status and labor intensity of front-line producers,and a large number of musculoskeletal diseases related to work gradually appear.Operators carry out high-intensity continuous work in a work space with an unreasonable relationship between man and machine,which brings great challenges to their comfort,health,work efficiency and work accuracy.It is the precondition to ensure the healthy and sustainable development of human resources to timely detect and adjust the operation status of workers,and then reduce the occurrence of work-related occupational diseases.Taking the Hall printed board production line of an L enterprise as an example,this paper discusses the influence of the working space on the comfort of the human body.Through the analysis of the working posture and the human factors simulation analysis based on JACK software,the joint comfort under different working surface heights is evaluated by the multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method,and the comprehensive evaluation reference value is obtained,which is applied to the optimal design of the adjustment range of the working surface height and the seat surface height.Combined with the analysis of the size of the upper limbs of the human body,equipment factors,range of activities and actual operation,the optimal design of the man-machine area of the horizontal working range of the assembly work space is discussed to ensure that the operator is convenient and comfortable to operate,and the working surface is divided reasonably and neatly.Through the specific analysis of specific problems,taking the operator as the target customer and their needs as the design focus,optimizing the design of the Hall printed board assembly work space is the research direction of this paper.The main contents and innovations of the paper are as follows:(1)From the point of view of human beings as operators,the focus of the analysis is on the characteristics and posture of the operators.It is no longer for people to adapt to the work space.Instead,under the premise of focusing on the comfort,convenience and health of people’s work,the work space is optimized to reduce the adverse effects of bad work space.(2)Taking human joints as the entry point to study the operator’s comfort,establish a relationship model between different working surface heights and human joint offsets,and use JACK human factors simulation software for ergonomic simulation.In the working environment,the height of the working surface is used as the experimental variable to analyze its comfort in operation,and the joint index data changed by the change of the working surface height is obtained.(3)Comprehensively evaluate the experimental results by selecting the comprehensive evaluation method of factor analysis,and calculate the comprehensive score of the joint index factor after dimensional reduction and rotation,that is,to obtain the optimal working surface height and the variation law of operator comfort.(4)Calculate the theoretical maximum horizontal working range and optimal horizontal working range based on human body size,and verify and correct the reachable area through the JACK human factors simulation software to determine the maximum and optimal working range.The analytic hierarchy process is used to establish an evaluation model based on the design principles of individual workplaces and the Items to be arranged on the work surface.The weight distribution of the items to be arranged is obtained by pairwise comparison,and the final layout is optimized with reference to the weights and actual operation conditions.Taking human factors engineering as the starting point,the paper analyzes specific problems and discusses the adverse effects of unreasonable work space design on the operator,and improves the bad work posture by optimizing the work space,to improve the operator’s comfort and convenience of operation,emphasizing the human-oriented humanized design,and also provide a reference for the design of the working space of other industrial products.