| The development characteristics and similarity comparison of karst landforms are important ways to study the world heritage value of landforms,and are of great significance in promoting the value of karst landforms and heritage protection.According to the theories of landscape architecture,geography,geology and world heritage,and in view of the scientific issues of world heritage geomorphic value and protection of karst geomorphic development characteristics,Huangguoshu Scenic Area is selected as the research area in Guizhou Plateau,which represents the overall characteristics of South China Karst.Guided by the idea of Earth system science and based on the world heritage criterion(viii)Combining qualitative and quantitative methods,using methods such as field research,comparative analysis,DEM,and remote sensing image interpretation from 2020 to 2023,following the standards and requirements for applying for the World Heritage Site,focusing on the cutting-edge research on the value and protection of karst world heritage landforms,the development characteristics of karst landforms in Huangguoshu Scenic Area,the global comparison between Huangguoshu Scenic Area and similar landforms,and the world heritage value of Huangguoshu Scenic Area,And conduct systematic research on the protection,management,and design of the Huangguoshu Scenic Area’s landforms,with a focus on revealing the value of the Huangguoshu Scenic Area’s world heritage landforms,proposing protection and management strategies,and designing them to provide scientific basis and reference for the application and protection of world heritage sites in karst areas.(1)This paper discusses that the development of karst landform is affected by tectonic movement,and reveals the karst landform background,karst landform characteristics and karst landform evolution characteristics in Huangguoshu Scenic Area: Huangguoshu Scenic Area,which is in the tropical-subtropical monsoon climate and has superior carbonate rock conditions,has experienced strong neotectonics uplift due to Himalayan movement since the Tertiary,The intense erosion and cutting of the Yangtze River water system in the north and the the Pearl River water system in the south formed the plateau canyon geomorphic structure,and had a huge impact on the geomorphic process of the karst development area of Huangguoshu Scenic Area.In Huangguoshu Scenic Spot,affected by the neotectonics,the geomorphic rejuvenation developed,forming the development area of intermittent uplift,and intermittently developed layered landforms and large waterfalls;In the Getuhe Scenic Spot,affected by the neotectonics,the landform is rejuvenated,forming a deep development area,and deep development of underground river canyons and large caverns;In Tunpu Scenic Spot,under the influence of neotectonics,but the rejuvenation has not yet reached,a lagging inheritance development area has been formed,and the plateau landform and fenglin karst plain have been developed in inheritance.Therefore,the region has developed unique and multi morphological karst landforms in the tropical subtropical climate environment,recording the evolution history of karst landforms.It is an outstanding representative of plateau canyon landforms,and plays an extremely important role in the research field of global karst landforms.(2)Explored the selection and analysis of Huangguoshu Scenic Area based on standards(viii)and its global similarity,revealing the geomorphological value of Huangguoshu Scenic Area.Huangguoshu Scenic Area has typicality and representativeness: selecting areas similar to Huangguoshu Scenic Area on a global scale,including heritage sites with similar characteristics,heritage nomination sites,and non heritage sites with potential value,selecting waterfalls with certain representativeness in the same climate environment Conduct comparative analysis and research on karst landforms in canyons and fenglin.Comparative analysis reveals that the carbonate rocks in Huangguoshu Scenic Area have a more unique evolutionary environment,geomorphic features,and more complex geomorphic evolution.It is a continental plateau area with tropical-subtropical monsoon climate,mainly composed of dolomite and limestone of Carboniferous,Permian and Triassic,and has developed water system in the region,which is conducive to the development of karst.In the Huangguoshu Scenic Spot,due to the strong influence of tectonics movement,the area has been greatly improved.Huangguoshu Waterfall Group,which has many stages(9 levels)and large drop on the plateau,is unique and unique in the world.It is a typical representative of landform erosion split point waterfalls.In the Getuhe Scenic Spot,landforms mainly composed of plateau canyons and huge caves have emerged,and the world’s largest volume cave hall(Miao Room)and the deepest tiankeng(Xiangshuidong)have been developed.The geological evolution process of canyon evolution is a typical model of canyon karst evolution in the world.In Tunpu Scenic Spot,the landform is a inheritance development model that the cone karst still maintains the normal evolution sequence and develops towards the mature fenglin karst in the process of positive development and decline.Huangguoshu Scenic Area perfectly shows the karst landform types shaped by different characteristics of neotectonics,and their typicality,representativeness and protection value in the plateau canyon landform structure in southern China.The plateau canyon landform is unique,special and prominent in the world.(3)Explored the impact of human and natural factors on the nominated sites,and proposed targeted protection and management strategies: Huangguoshu Scenic Area faces some practical problems in landscape protection and management,such as the rebound in tourist numbers after the epidemic,how to adapt to new situations in science popularization and management talent team construction,and the need to continuously improve management concepts in combination with new problems.In addition,collapse should also be considered Potential threats from natural factors such as landslides and rocky desertification.Measures have been proposed to strengthen scientific research,scientifically plan tourism routes,develop reasonably and moderately,strengthen science popularization and publicity,build high-quality management teams,return farmland to forests,and strengthen monitoring and application of high-tech.Through these scientific and reasonable measures and means,the landscape resources of Huangguoshu Scenic Area,which have outstanding universal value,will be well managed for their authenticity and integrity.And this study also designed a publicity and interpretation system related to geomorphology and geomorphic evolution within the Huangguoshu Scenic Area,including the design of the Huangguoshu Great Waterfall geomorphic evolution interpretation system and the design of the Dishuitan Waterfall geomorphic characteristics interpretation system.In order to contribute to the construction of a natural environment where humans and nature coexist harmoniously,this has important scientific reference value for the protection and management of karst landforms. |
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