Study On The Fabrication And Electrical Output Performances Of Hybrid Triboelectric Nanogenerator Towards Wave Energy Harvesting

With the rapid development of modern industrial society,energy shortage and environmental pollution are major challenges facing mankind.The development of renewable and clean energy is a strategic choice to achieve the goal of"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality".Ocean energy accounts for 70%of the earth’s total energy,where blue energy sources such as tidal energy and wave energy are widely distributed and abundant on earth.Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENG)are widely used in the field of wave energy collection due to their advantages of high-power density,low cost,light weight and large-scale deployment,which shows great application potential.The subject is aimed at large-scale collection of ocean blue energy and designed a TENG-based ocean wave energy collection system to improve the output performance and service life of the power generation device.In this paper,starting from Maxwell’s displacement current equation,the theoretical model of TENG is deduced and established,and the potential distribution of vertical contact-separation mode and independent layer mode TENG is simulated by using COMSOL Multiphysics finite element analysis software.The coupled generation mechanism of electrostatic induction effects reveals the charge transport mechanism of each single generation effect and the inherent relationship between the output symmetry and complementarity of the compound generation device.Firstly,a self-powered seesaw structure(SSTE-HNG)was designed based on the spherical buoy structure and successfully realized the application of self-powered sea surface wireless positioning.The spherical structure realizes the coupling of the triboelectric effect and the electromagnetic induction effect,which effectively complements the relatively low current output characteristics of TENG while maintaining a high voltage output in a wide frequency range.The OZ module,FL module and EMG module in the spherical structure achieve the maximum instantaneous power density output of 17 W/m~3,4.8 W/m~3 and 9.8 W/m~3 respectively when the oscillation frequency is 0.7 Hz,and the harvested energy is successfully used to drive the GPS module for wireless positioning on the sea surface.In this work,a self-powered electromagnetic-triboelectric effect composite power-generating buoy structure was finally fabricated through the optimized design of the device structure,realizing the coordinated motion between various modes.SSTE-HNG is expected to be used for blue energy collection and intelligent ocean monitoring in the future,which opens up new ideas for the principle innovation,structure optimization,performance improvement,and network layout of wave energy triboelectric power generation devices,and provides new ideas for future marine informatization and marine Internet of Things.Secondly,a hybrid nanogenerator(BS-HNG)with a boat-shaped structure is designed for blue energy harvesting,which can simultaneously harvest wave energy and raindrop water kinetic energy.The hybrid nanogenerator mainly consists of three parts:two raindrop energy harvesting plates,two zigzag three-layer origami contact separation modules(ZM modules),and a rolling-free-standing module(FR module).Based on its unique and excellent motion characteristics,the BS-HNG successfully enables the ZM module and the FR module to work together to achieve maximum energy output with an output charge of up to 1.3μC.The integration of the raindrop energy harvester effectively increases the total output power and improves the volume utilization of the equipment.BS-HNG is not only used for ocean energy harvesting,but also for ocean self-powered real-time monitoring of waves and ocean weather.Facing the major needs of blue ocean energy collection and driving small sensors to realize ocean wireless positioning and intelligent detection of marine environment,this paper has prepared an ocean energy harvesting system based on triboelectric-electromagnetic coupling effect and a power generation system based on multiple energy composite harvesting.In order to improve the performance and durability of power generation devices,this paper has opened up new ideas in collecting blue ocean energy to drive small sensor devices.