Research On Hybrid Triboelectric Nanogenerator For Ocean Wave Energy Harvesting

With the end of the COVID-19 pandemic,the world economy will gradually return to the right track and the demand for energy will continue to increase.The problem of environmental damage is becoming more and more serious.Under the guidance of the domestic"double carbon"goal,new energy green development has become a new driving force for transformation and upgrading of various industries.Wave energy is the most widely distributed renewable energy among"blue energy".Due to the harsh environment of the ocean and low efficiency of wave collection and utilization,the development of wave energy collection technology has been limited up to now.Recently,triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)and electromagnetic generator(EMG)have been widely used in the capture collection of wave energy.However,most TENG design faces challenges with low contact intimacy and relatively small energy power density,and the design of many mixed devices only simply stack different energy collection structures,lacks coordination between different parts.Based on this,this paper proposes a solid–liquid-interfaced,tube-shaped triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator(TTEHG)to efficiently capture different levels of wave energy,including low-frequency small waves and accelerated energy density impact wave energy.The structural design of the TTEHG not only makes full use of the internal space to couple the TENG and EMG,but also maximizes the wave energy conversion efficiency.This structure is simple,and the internal can be coordinated and assisted with each other,so that TTEHG can make full use of the advantages of each part.In addition,a wave energy simulator built in the laboratory was used for data acquisition,and the electrical output of different parts of TTEHG at different frequencies was tested on a linear motor and a decolorization shaker,respectively.The instantaneous power density of TTEHG with length of 20 cm can reach 0.25mW/cm~3 and current density can reach 5 mA/cm~3 at the frequency of 1 Hz.At a frequency of 1 Hz,the electricity converted by TTEHG charges a 47μF capacitor to 26.01V in 25 s.As an effective wave energy capture device,TTEHG can directly drive 1,536 LEDs without the need for energy storage electronic devices.TTEHG can also supply power to various functional electronic devices,such as temperature and humidity sensors,to monitor the marine environment.In order to optimize the output performance of TTEHG,we tested the output voltage and current with the TENG and EMG connected in different arrangements to determine how to use the output power most effectively.The optimal connection was determined to be TENG+(EMG//EMG).Furthermore,the TTEHG network was deployed in Sanya Bay for mooring sea trials and continuously drove 336 LEDs,demonstrating its effectiveness in harvesting ocean wave energy in harsh ocean environments.In conclusion,the device has potential prospects in self-powered ocean sensors,wave energy harvesting,and ocean communication systems.More importantly,related research provides strategies for large-scale applications of distributed energy sources.