Research On Climate Responsive Strategy And Application Of Historical Granaries In North China Plain

In order to create a suitable grain storage environment,the historical granaries often contain unique climate responsive design methods.Although these climate responsive methods could not obtain the same grain storage environment as modern technology,they reached the most basic level of food security under the constraints of technological level and economic conditions at that time.Its extraction is conducive to the construction of modern grain storage environment,and is very important to achieve the goal of green grain storage,energy saving and environmental protection of granary buildings.At present,the climate responsive of historical granaries has been concerned by some researchers,but the existing research often focuses on a specific granary,lacking systematic research on the storage environment of granaries with different characteristics in different historical periods.Few studies have explored the extraction and application of climate responsive design methods.Based on this,this paper carried out field research and field testing of historical granaries in North China Plain,combed the architectural characteristics of historical granaries,and condensed the climate responsive design methods of different historical granary buildings.Then,the effects of climate adaptation strategies in each historical granary building were quantitatively analyzed by numerical simulation,and the effective climate responsive design methods were applied to modern granaries to verify their application effects.This study is mainly divided into the following steps: Step 1.Introduce the local climate environment of North China Plain,select the research object,obtain the form,structure,material and structure of the granary through field research,and extract the traditional climate responsive strategies of the granary in different periods through qualitative analysis.Step 2,selecte two existing typical historical granary to measure that short-term thermal environment in summer,and analyzing the grain storage environment characteristics of different type of historical granaries.Step 3,after carrying out effectiveness verification on the basis of the short-term environment test result,simulating the grain storage environment of the selected granary in summer and nine months(from March to November)in a transition season in a simulation mode,and carrying out evaluation by taking the air temperature of 20℃ as a standard.The simulation results show that the underground granary presents the best temperature environment.The climate responsive design methods of each granary are analyzed and summarized,and the effective climate responsive design methods are as follows: air compartment design,thick exterior wall design,ventilation design;Step 4,applying the climate responsive strategy to the modern granary,and verifying the effectiveness of the climate responsive strategy on improving the grain storage environment of the modern granary by comparison.The simulation results showed that the hours to reach the standard increased from 2726 hours to 3176 hours after the climate responsive transformation,while the temperature in the granary decreased in different degrees in each month,and the hours higher than 30℃ decreased from 653 hours to 4 hours in the whole simulation period.This study summarized the characteristics of granary buildings and grain storage environment in different periods in North China Plain,and extracted the traditional climate responsive design strategy for transformation.The transformation results showed that the comprehensive application of the traditional climate responsive strategy effectively improved the grain storage temperature environment,effectively reduced the monthly average temperature in the granary,and eliminated the extreme overheating phenomenon.The research results showed that extracting the climate responsive strategy in the traditional granary buildings could effectively improve the high temperature phenomenon in the granary.It can provide reasonable guidance for the design and transformation of granary in the future.At the same time,it is also necessary to point out that the future research can further analyze the grain storage environment to further explore the application effect of traditional climate responsive strategies.